Book Reviews

Book Reviews Conducted by the Editor The History and Topography of Dauphin, Cumberland, Franklin, Bedford, Adams and Perry Counties . . . . By I. Daniel Rupp. With a new index by John Cecil Fralish, Jr. (Carlisle, Pa.: Cumberland County Historical Society, 1975. [Reprint of 1846 edition.] xii, 723 p. $15.00.) While we must concede that Israel Daniel Rupp (1803-1878) did not compile the first history of a Pennsylvania county, his achievement in that genre is surely the most remarkable: he wrote the second history of York County and the first that ever appeared for twenty-five other counties, works which he grouped together in half a dozen volumes amounting to nearly five thousand pages. As he published all of these in the years 1844 through 1847, before any volume of the Pennsylvania Archives appeared, he had had to make his own searches over a twenty-year period among the bundles of original manuscripts then in the custody of the Secretary of the Commonwealth and then supplement these records of province and state by oral interview and correspondence with knowledgeable citizens, by a rather limited use of official county records, by reference to published statistics and by description of topography. The extent of his acquaintanceship with knowledgeable Pennsylvanians may be inferred from the fact that within an eight-month period in 1835 he had personally helped organize 190 lyceums. Of all Rupp's histories the volume now before us probably contains the best, and his best is very worth while. It is true that his grouping of counties is not "logical," that is, it largely ignores their political lineage; probably a reason for that arbitrariness is to be found in his appended subscription lists, in the fact that the numerous subscribers from Dauphin (475), Cumberland (403) and Bedford (369) in effect subsidized those from Franklin (127), Adams (125) and Perry (4). Despite his weakness in literary organization, in this volume the historian made a notable contribution simply because he was writing about his own territory, Dauphin and Cumberland, where he had absorbed the folklore, explored the byways and searched the records at greatest length. His special chapters on the counties of Perry, Adams, Bedford and Franklin are short but not unreasonably so, considering that three of them are offspring who shared the earlier experiences of Cumberland moreover his fourteen introductory chapter deal handsomely with the history of their region. There is indeed gold in these histories but the reader must work for it. Nc genealogies are presented, yet nearly three thousand personal names appear, beside! his list of fifteen hundred original subscribers. The task is helped immeasurably b1 recourse to John Fralish's meticulous index, which gives all personal names in full cites the page and line on which they appear, and warns the reader every time 2 misprinted page number has to be cited. Even so, any safari through Rupp': histories requires either an experienced guide or a fund of patience. Such occasion hurdles as untranslated yet relevant paragraphs in the original German, and tht totally irrelevant version of the Lord's Prayer in Irish, are minor matters; rather more serious is the continual need to refer to long lists of errata. Some of sit errors are clearly the fault of the original compositors, especially when pages an 158 Book Reviews 159 misnumbered or running titles are all wrong, and some were probably due to the busy author's impatience and mismanagement. The lists of subscribers, which were certainly worth printing, are sadly muddled geographically; when one studies them one begins to understand how the same author could innocently perpetrate the documentary disaster which he called Thirty Thousand Names (1856), which although superseded forty years ago continues to be reprinted and to lead unwary genealogists far astray. HENRY JAMES YOUNG A Biographical History of Greene County, Pennsylvania. By Samuel P. Bates. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1975. 338 p. Index. $15.00.) This book consists of the biographical section of Bates' History of Greene County, Pennsylvania (1888)—pages 561 to 898. It contains about 750 biographies of residents (mostly farmers) of 18 Greene County townships, alphabetized by townships. The average biography is about 250 words long. They are all about the same in form and content. The biographies are on the average of men about 50 years old. Names of parents and children are given, and in a number of cases names of grandparents. The sketches give data on the birth and marriage of the subject. Information is given on religion, education, and military service. In some cases the farm is described. The book is of limited value to genealogists. Its best use is to locate the more prominent persons living in Greene County in the latter part of the 19th century. It is essentially a Who's Who of Greene County, 1888. The complete 898-page volume has been reprinted by the Waynesburg (Pa.) D.A.R. Chapter. It is the only good history of Greene County. Unfortunately, it is not of the caliber of Crumrine's History of Washington County, Pennsylvania. RAYMOND M. BELL Historical Collections of Harrison County, in the State of Ohio, with Lists of the First Land-Owners, Early Marriages (to 1841), Will Records (to 1861), Burial Records of the Early Settlements, and Numerous Genealogies. By Charles A. Hanna. (Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1975. [Reprint of 1900 edition.] x, 636 p. Map, illustrations, partial index. $17.50.) Harrison County, close to Pennsylvania, was created in 1813, and is one of the early Ohio counties. Like all the 88 Ohio counties, it was the subject of a county history published during the last third of the 19th century. Hanna's Historical Collections of Harrison County ranks among the foremost for genealogical data. It is rich in such materials as church information, lists of land patents, marriage records, cemetery inscriptions, wills and genealogies of families. The genealogies of families are especially important bcause of their number and because the places of origin of so many of the original settlers are given. It is safe to say that few county histories in all America contain such concentrated genealogical source material. The material is especially of value to Pennsylvanians interested in the western migrations of the Scotch-Irish and the Pennsylvania Germans. The reprinting of this county history should be seen in perspective. It represents part of a widespread movement. Over 60% of the county histories of Ohio have been reprinted within the past few years. The reprints are popular even with libraries that have the books because (a) the reprints are on good quality paper, while older editions may be badly worn, and (b) a full name index is often added. 160 The Pennsylvania Genealogical Magazine In this case, since the author had provided a limited surname index of 16 pages, and since entries in many of the sections were alphabetically arranged, the publishing house elected not to make a new index. Another reprint of the same book came out in 1973. The publisher, Unigraphic, Inc. of Evansville, Indiana, had prepared for it a full master index, 182 pages in length. The enlarged page size of the 1973 reprint, 9" x 6", was apparently necessary to keep the additional pages within a single binding. MEREDITH B. COLKET, jR. Marriage Licenses of Caroline County, Maryland, 1774-1815. By Henry Downes Cranor. (Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1975. [Reprint front PMHB, 1904.] 66 p. $5.00.) Ordinarily the genealogist welcomes a reprint of source records of any kind but in this case we can extend only an uncertain welcome. In checking the entries against the first nine years of the original records (13 pages in this book), we find more than 90 errors of both omission and commission. The third license listed in the work omits the first name of Kezia Morgan and the last entry of 1777 omits the first name of Milcah Smith. The licenses of Geo. Howard & . Walker in 1774, Elijah Cannon & Nancy in 1775, Negro, Henry per order of Phil. Lecompte & Rose Carney as well as William Standley and Deborah Homey in 1779 and Nathaniel Hull & Margaret Howith in 1783 were entirely omitted. Names were transcribed as Chem for Cheezum, Brutt for Bruff, Bradley for Broady, Snitch for Lintel', Miller for Nutter, Gamer for Gannor, Fogwell for Foxwell, Jarmen for James, Stop for Stoss, Slemarr for Lemarr, Raliegh for Ralph, Anne for Amos, Ganatt for Garrett, Euberts in one place and Exbanks in another for Eubanks, Kerap for Kemp, Nenderford for Venderford, etc. Errors of this kind can cause untold problems for the researcher. Other errors in transcription can be laid to carelessness on the part of the transcriber, typesetting errors in the original printing and some few to the difficulty in deciphering the original entry. As the transcriber progressed through the original records and became more familiar with the clerks' graphic style, he made fewer errors. Howevtr, if he succeeded in cutting his errors by 75% in the remaining 47 pages not checked by the reviewer, I would still be obligated to warn readers to use great caution in accepting any entry in the book as correct. The originals of these licenses, 1774-1792, were recorded in back of the Land Commissions of Caroline County, Liber GF#A. These may be examined at the Hall of Records, Annapolis, Maryland and photostatic copies can be obtained there. MARY K. MEYER An Index to the Cushing and Sheppard History of Gloucester, Salem, and Cumberland Counties, New Jersey. Comp. by Donald A. Sinclair. (272 p. $17.50.) Libera Marina Spinaeze's Index to the Argonauts of California [by] Charles Warren Haskins. (514 p. $15.00.) Index to the Archives of Spanish West Florida. 12821810. (365 p. $17.50.) In the last quarter of the 19th century, reflecting a new sense of nationalism as a reaction to the Civil War, the Centennial and accelerating immigration, hundreds of county histories appeared, recording (usually in favorable terms) the activities of the pioneers of earlier times and their descendants. Scattered through these immense volumes, of ten with two columns per page, were thousands of names, Book Reviews 161 some grouped in family biographies, others tucked away in seemingly endless lists of Mashies, town, borough, township and county officials, members of fraternal organizations—even cornet bands. This wealth of genealogical information has often been exceedingly difficult and tedious to extract, until the recent happy development of indexing these huge volumes, and making accessible much valuable information. Recent reprinting with indexes of the histories of Chester County and of Susquehanna County (PGM, XXIX, 74) illustrate this welcome trend. • Genealogical researchers will therefore welcome these three indexes, all published in 1975 by Polyanthos Press, New Orleans. Of particular interest for Easterners is Mr. Sinclair's index for three nearby New Jersey counties, a model of fine indexing, which immediately takes a place of honor and indispensability beside Dr. Kenn Stryker-Rodda's monumental index for the first 30 volumes of the Genealogical Magazine of New Jersey (for which a sequel is nearing completion). Each name is indexed not only by page but also by column, thus expediting quick location; different persons of the same name are carefully distinguished. Subjects as well as names are included, and cross indexing is thorough. All researchers in this area will want this book. Mr. Sinclair raises—but does not answer—an important question in his brief Foreward: midway through his work on this index, it was discovered that another index on this same History had been started. The latter effort was suspended— but the fact remains that there is too easy a possibility of several persons or teams undertaking the same project, independent of each other, thus causing duplication of work where such duplication can be ill afforded. With resorces so limited, it is imperative that some control system, such as as central clearing house of information, be devised for all such indexing, and all should welcome such proposals. One obvious solution is suggested by the leadership of the Illinois State Genealogical Society in coordinating the indexing of all Illinois county histories (see ISGS Quarterly, VI (1974), 94-96). The other two indexes have great value for their respective areas: the former began as a consolidation on a card index by Libera Martina Spinazze of the several alphabetical lists in the last 141 pages of Haskins's The Argonauts of California . . . , then became a typescript compiled by the California State Society of the DAR, here reproduced. The list is confined to those who arrived in California by the end of 1849, and gives a comment for each person, such as ship (often with port of departure), state or city from which he set forth, etc. Some 25,000 names are included. Further information on this subject can be found in Rasmussen's volumes of San Francisco Ship Passenger Lists; see also PGM, XXVIII, 173-177 and XXIX, 71-73. The final index is actually a series of 20 separate indexes, also based on typescripts of indexes made from translations and transcriptions of the papers of the Spanish Government of West Florida, District of Baton Rouge. The originals are now deposited in the Record Room of the 19th Judicial District Court in Baton Rouge. This area lived under four flags until becoming part of the U. S. in 1810; while most of the names show Spanish or French origin, there are a good number of names of British origin. Subjects are included in indexes. While we regret that the indexes weren't consolidated into one, we can be grateful to the publisher for making accessible this information. 162 The Pennsylvania Genealogical Magazine Annals of Buffalo Valley, Pennsylvania, 1755-1855. Collated by John Blair Linn, with a new introduction by Milton Rubincam. (New Orleans: Polyanthos, 1975. [Reprint of 1877 edition.] 621 p. Index. $17.50.) Linn begins his Annals with an account of the Penn's Creek Massacre of Oct. 1755, when that area was still a part of Cumberland County. He then jumps to 1768, and then proceeds to give us an annual summary of the area's major events to the end of 1855. Although the majority of these events occurred in what is now Snyder and Union Counties, the narrative also takes us into parts of present day Lycoming, Clinton, Centre, Mifflin and Juniata Counties. A detailed accounting of the contents of this astounding book is beyond the scope of a mere review. There are so many topics that it would probably require at least half of the entire issue of this magazine to do it justice. Generally speaking, the detail with which events are described diminishes as the narrative moves closer to Linn's own times. This is evidenced by the fact that while the year 1781 receives 15 pages of text, the same number of pages at the end of the Annals accounts for 13 years (1843-1855). For the sake of sorting things out it is possible to arbitrarily classify the topics discussed as either historical, cultural or genealogical in nature. Very appropriate to the Bicentennial celebration is much material devoted to the Revolutionary War Period. The Wyoming Valley Massacre and the Great Runaway, both of 1788, the Battle of Ft. Freeland, 1799, and the Minutes of the Committee of Safety of what was then Northumberland County, are examples of the material from that period. Also of historical interest are the many entries describing events on the local political scene, and also tying them in with contemporary developments on the state and national level. On the cultural side there are many quotes from Flavel Roan's Journal. The Samuel Pepys of the Buffalo Valley, Roan was a teacher of sorts, and served as the first clerk of Union County. His journal covers the years 1807-1813, and is full of notations concerning parties, styles, methods of entertaining, etc. There are also many references to religious activity, with notes on new churches being built, new ministers, and the development of the Albright Evangelical and the United Brethren movements. Genealogically speaking, there are tax lists, muster rolls from the Revolution to the Civil War (the Revolutionary Muster Rolls should not be considered complete, coming as they do from the imperfect 2nd Series of the Pennsylvania Archives. Additional lists may be found in the 5th Series, published later), and a necrology containing over 1,500 names (begun by Linn's father, James F. Linn, in 1826, and extending to 1857-8), miscellaneous lists of deaths and marriages, biographical sketches, and personal interviews with old residents, whose recollections went back into the 18th century, and through their parents, prior to the Revolution. The latter material preserves many tidbits of information that would otherwise have been lost. This book can be read also for pure entertainment. In addition to being a fine scholar, John Linn must have had a good sense of humor, because he takes the time to tell us some amusing tales, and to introduce us to some of the local characters, such as Daniel Doodle and "old Mr. Mook, the Revolutionary Soldier." Not to be overlooked are the many incidents of encounters with Indians, all the more exciting because they really happened. In short, this is a worthy book. It touches on a multitude of topics, its information is reliable, and it is entertaining in the bargain. Book Reviews 163 Polyanthos has produced a. reprint of good quality, and has included a concise, well written introduction by Milton Rubincam, which gives the reader some interesting background on the Linns, James and John. However, the publisher falls short of producing a truly outstanding edition by neglecting to include a complete index, thus making it impossible to use this book effectively as a reference work. Althuogh there are many names, compiling an index would not have been an impossible task. Mrs. Mary Lentz Naerhood of Milton, Pa., brought out a reprint of the Annals in 1968, which included a complete index that she had compiled herself. Certainly a publishing house has the resources to enable it to at least equal the effort of one lone individual. The other major failing is indirectly alluded to by Mr. Rubincam in his introduction, when he states, "The Annals of Buffalo Valley is not free from error...." Considering all the information in this book I have no doubt that this is true. However, where are they? If this publishing company had enough scholarly spirit to engage an expert to write an introduction for this reprint, it certainly should have gone one step further by seeing to it that a list of corrections was added. MICHAEL T. SNYDER History of York County. From its Erection to the Present Time (1729-1834). By W. C. Carter & A. J. Glossbrenner. Reprint of new edition, edited by A. Monroe Aurand, Jr., 1930. (xvi, 221 p. $12.50.) A Biographical History of York County, Pennsylvania. By John Gibson. Reprint of Part II of History of York County, Pennsylvania, 1886. (207 p. Illustrations. $12.50.) The former of these two 1975 reprints of the Genealogical Publishing Company was the first published history of York County, in its original version. The Aurand edition contains an appendix with four "impressions" of the York area by Michaux, Cazenove, Graydon and Wild. A brief history of the Colonial Court House contains several gross errors. By and large, the authors give a charming and informative history of York County, written early enough to contain oral statements by settlers and/or their children. There are numerous references to the activities of the Continental Congress during its nine months in York (see PCM, XXVIII (1974), 285). Perhaps the most enjoyable are the human interest events. From the reports of natural disasters, minute details about the early inhabitants are told which makes the book a delight to historians and genealogists. The index is the limited one of the first edition; a complete index should have been included with this edition. The reprint of the Gibson History is limited to the biographical sketches of prominent persons from the County's settlement in 1729, but emphasizes those living at the time of the first publication, who probably were subscribers. Since the sketches are not organized in a scientific manner, the student of history and genealogy can use this material only as a guide to a serious study of a given family. Since the reprint omits two-thirds of the original edition, containing biographical sketches of the settlers, usually giving place of origin in Europe, this book as a research tool has lost its importance. The complete Gibson work was republished in 1973 by The Historical Society of York County, with an exhaustive index; it is now out of print. The value of the edition under review is greatly handicapped by the limited index of the first edition. Both books are well made and are reasonably priced. LANDON C. REMINDER 164 The Pennsylvania Genealogical Magazine The Monongahela of Old; or Historical Sketches of South-Western Pennsylvania to the Year 1800. By James Veech. (Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1975. [Facsimile reprint of the edition re-set in 1910, originally published in 1858 and 1892.] 272 p. Illustrations. Index added. $12.50.) The author gives much of the early history of southwestern Pennsylvania, ranging from Braddock's campaign to the Mason and Dixon Line, and with special attention to the area of what is now Fayette County. A long list of names of settlers living there in 1772 is provided, most of whom probably come from the frontier counties of Virginia and Maryland. A considerable part of the book is devoted to biographies of nine early inhabitants and their families: Wendell Brown, Christopher Gist, Col. William Crawford, Col. James Paull, Col. George Wilson, Col Alexander McClean, John Smilie, Gen. Ephraim Douglas, and Albert Gallatin. Most famous were Gist, a colorful frontiersman and guide to Washington, and Gallatin, United States Congressman, Secretary of the Treasury, and Minister to France. The author, born near Uniontown in 1808, practiced law there and in Pittsburgh, near where he died in 1879. He has written an enjoyable and readable book, that will interest historians and genealogists alike. ROBERT K. MATLACK Abstracts from Ben Franklin's Pennsylvania Gazette, 1728-1748. By Kenneth Scott. (Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1975. v, 675. Illus., index. $20.00.) With this publication, the redoubtable Dr. Scott has unlocked a tremendous trove of genealogical information. No one interested in the second quarter of the 18th century in the American colonies can afford to be without this book—or not to have it on hand for constant reference. True to the journalist's dictum of "Who, what, when, where . . .", the editor of the Gazette, Benjamin Franklin, saw to it that the items were as complete as possible. The abstracts are arranged chronologically, from 1 Oct 1728 to 5 Jan 1748, his period of editorship, and cover a wide range of activity, treating of persons from every station of life. The items abound with genealogical clues— for example, an advertisement for sale of property can help trace a deed of sale. Researchers may also be in for some surprises as to location, since some entries place persons in areas differing from what had been generally known previously, and help determine when they moved. Some 12,000 persons are indexed, largely from Pennsylvania and surrounding areas, but including some from all the Colonies. One criticism: most readers will turn to the excellent index to locate the page number(s) of the person in whom they are interested, turn to the apge, and find the entry, which gives the day and month, but not the year; the reader must then flip forward or back to find the year. It would have been a simple matter to place the year at the head of each page to obviate this difficulty. We hope that the abstracts can be continued for the subsequent years of the Gazette, preferably by Dr. Scott, otherwise by some one of comparable competence. The Account Book of the Clemens Family of Lower Salford Township, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, 1749-1857. Translated by Raymond E. Hollenbach, edited by Alan G. Keyser. (Breinigsville, Pa.: Pennsylvania German Society, 1975. vii, 149 p. $6.50.) A genealogist's chief concern should be the reliability of the sources from which he obtains his data. Whenever possible it is preferable to obtain information from Book Reviews 165 a primary source. However, it is not often possible to utilise these basic sources, because they are not readily available. The researcher who deals with Pennsylvania German families is also faced with the problem of not being able to read the contents of the source, bemuse of a language barrier, a problem which is further exacerbated by the use of archaic words and phrases that have no English equivalent, and by an alphabet, whose characters often have three or four different variations in form, few of which bear little resemblance to their English counterparts. The Pennsylvania German Society has initiated a new series of publications entitled, Sources and Documents of the Pennsylvania Germans, Series Editor, Rev. Frederick S. Weiser, which should go a long way toward alleviating the problems of availability and comprehension. In the future it will be possible for the genealogist and historian to have easy access to well prepared, acurately translated editions of important church records, diaries, ministers' records, etc. with the added bonus of a generous number of accurate annotations added to the text. The first volume in this series is the Account Book of the Clemens Family, a family of Mennonite farmers, of better than average means, who have lived in what is now Lower Salford township, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania since the first of them arrived in this country in 1709. The entries in the account were begun by Jacob Clemens (b. in 1707. He came to America with his parents, Gerhard Clemens and Anna Reiff). The entries were continued by his son, Gerhart Clemens (b. 2 Jan 1745, d. 1 May 1820), and finally by Gerhart's son, Heinrich Clemens (b. 11 Apr 1783, d. 23 Feb 1861). The nature of the entries vary from Jacob's notes conerning his money lending and distilling businesses, to Heinrich's observations about the weather. However, the majority of the entries deal with what and how much, in terms of material goods and money, each of the fathers gave to his children. All in all these entries give the student of Pennsylvania German culture valuable insights in to the life style of his subjects, and how it changed during the period of 108 years covered. The time and effort that went into producing this book is easily discernible. The format thoughtfully gives the German text on the left hand page and the English translation on the right hand. The translation was done by Raymond E. Hollenbach, who is without peer in this type of endeavor. The editor, Alan G. Keyser, has enhanced the volume's usefulness by providing an introduction, a glossary of German and Pennsylvania German words found in the account and 18 'pages of annotations to the text, with the source provided for almost all of the annotations. These annotations are almost all of a genealogical nature, and are especially valuable because many of them came from unpublished sources or from publications that are now extremely rare, such as the magazine, The Perkiomen Region. Even the book's cover is well conceived, having a pitcure of the Clemens' family homestead on the front portion, and a detailed map of the area in which the events noted in this journal took place on the back portion. There were, however, two more items that I should like to have seen included: an index to persons, and a facsimile of one or two pages from the original account; the latter would serve to acquaint readers with the many difficulties involved in making a translation. We salute this first volume of what can be a most valuable series; the publication under review is a spendid investment and is heartily recommended to everyone 166 The Pennsylvania Genealogical Magazine with an interest in the subject Copies can be obtained from the Pennsylvania German Society, R. D. 1, Box 469, Breinigsville, Pa. 18031. MICHAEL T. SNYDER A Gazetteer of the State of Pennsylvania. By Thomas F. Gordon. New Introduction by Mary K. Meyer. (New Orleans: Polyanthos, 1975. [Facsimile reproduction of 1832 edition.] 508 p. Map. $20.00.) Indispensable to the study of a lineage in the state of Pennsylvania is a knowledge of its geography. This early gazetteer shows the state as it was in 1832, including the bounds of all towns and townships, some of which have since disappeared, been re-named or sub-divided. An example of the disappeared townships is Bristol, in Philadelphia County, which just ceased to exist. Polyanthos has done a great service to the local historian and genealogist by making this volume once more available. A copy should be in every reference library . WALTER Les SHEPPARD, JR. Early Friends Families of Upper Bucks. By Clanence V. Roberts, assisted by Warren S. Ely. (Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1975. [Reprint of 1925 edition.] 680 pp. Illustrations, maps, index. $23.50.) For those researchers who are studying early Friends families in the vicinity of Quakertown, Bucks Co., Pa., this book should prove a helpful starting point By today's standards of research disciplines, it would not be accepted as documentation, since the text is not annotated. References to primary research sources are oblique and they are helpful only as clues to locations where original records may be found. And, of course, the documentary records of the Richland Monthly Meeting supplied a good deal of the information found in the work. There is a short, well-written history of the Manor and Township of Richland which, with accompanying maps, gets the area into focus rapidly. A chapter on the establishment of the Friends Meeting is of importance to a general under. standing of the area and its records. This meeting commenced as an Indulged Meeting "at the [Great] Swamp" for a few families, under the auspices of the Gwynedd Monthly Meeting which is where the earliest family records may be found. Richland did not graduate to a full Monthly Meeting until 1743, although a Meeting House was erected about 1721-23. There are brief chapters on Quakertown, a cadastral map of early settler. with accompanying text and a chapter on the early Richland Library, est. 1788. The main content of this work is devoted to the genealogies of the families, arranged in alphabetical order from Adamson to Zorns. It totals 44 families, with addenda of seven families. This book carries many interesting illustrations, sketches; photographs of meeting houses, reproductions of records, maps and a few portraits. No one family genealogy is carried through for more than two generations. Beyond that, children's lines are followed at random and mostly on the male line. There is a goqd, comprehensive index. Although parochial in scope, this has been a well-used work since 1925, and its reprint edition serves a useful purpose. DOROTHEE HUGHES CAROUSE° Book Reviews 167 Quaker Genealogies: A Preliminary List. By Willard Hein. (Indianapolis, 1974. 38 p. $3.00.) This useful bibliography lists over five hundred titles of printed books, but no family histories printed in genealogical periodicals (PGM, NGSQ, TAG, etc.). Although Mr. Heiss does not give the location of the volumes he says that the majority of the entries can be found in the Friends Historical Library, Swarthmore; Haverford College Library; and the Fort Wayne Public Library, Indiana. No doubt the majority are also available at the library of HSP. The List is available from the compiler at 4828 North Illinois, Indianapolis, IN 46208. Mr. Hens will be glad to receive additions to the list, and asks that bibliographic details be included. MADELENE HOWLAND Old Times in Windham. By Rev. Henry Hedges Prout. (1970. x, 178 p. Illustrations, maps. Partial index, key to snap. $8.50.) East Kill Valley Genealogy. A Record of the Burials in Two Catskill Mountain Graveyards, with Genealogical information from 1620 to 1964. By Olive Newell Woodworth. (1974. 43 p. Indexes. $3.00.) These two excellent publications from the Hope Farm Press, Conswallville, N.Y., are typical of the interest of its proprietor, Charles E. Dornbusch, in the history of Greene and neighboring counties--an interest that has included his reprinting of the Beers History of Greene County (1884) and has been officially recognized by an award of merit from the New York State Historical Association. Rev. Prout's book is based on columns that appeared in The Windham Journal, the local newspaper, from February 1869 to March 1870, and which have been transcribed by Olive N. Woodworth. As Mrs. Mabel Parker Smith, Historian, Greene County, explains in her Foreward, Rev. Prout returned in 1868, at age 58, to his hometown, where his father was still living at age 89. There were a number of other "old-timers" alive, and many who recalled their parents and grandparents; Rev. Prout drew on their recollections for his articles. The area was settled to a large extent by persons from Connecticut, and in most cases full details of these familes and their origins are given. In addition to valuable genealogical information, a full and authentic portrayal of life of the first half of the 19th century emerges. Of great additional value is a large color fold-out map of Old Windham (nestled in the SW corner of Greene Co., adjoining Ulster and Delaware Counties), prepared by Mary S. Woolley, with over 200 locations described, usually with name of owner and sometimes additional genealogical data. This key is not indexed. Everyone interested in genealogy and local history, with or without New York connections, will profit from reading this work and will applaud the devoted efforts and sense of service that resulted in making it available. The East Kill Valley Genealogy was first published in 1964, and this edition has two added pages of Errata and Addenda. This pamphlet is crammed with genealogical information, presented in closely packed pages as an annotated list of tombstone inscriptions. Most of the persons were residents of Jewett, Greene Co., and the information is carried, where possible, into the 1960s. One index is for the names on the stones, the other (much larger) is a surname index for names in the genealogical annotatiosn. A valuable work. 168 The Pennsylvania Genealogical Magazine An Historical and Genealogical Record of the First United Methodist Church of Pennington, 1774-1974, Pennington, New Jersey. By Phyllis B. D'Autrechy. (Trenton: Trenton Printing Co., 1974. 108 p. Illustrations, map, bibliography, index. $5.00.) 1825-1975. The Sesquicentennial History of Saint Denis Parish . . . . By Joseph P. Barrett, in cooperation with Rev. Edwin T. Grimes, 0. S. A. (Havertown, Pa.: Saint Denis Church, 1975. xii, 212 p. Illustrations, maps, bibliography, index. $10.00.) Mrs. D'Autrechy's book may be modest in appearance, but in its content it is extremely valuable for the genealogist. A brief history of American Methodism sets the stage, an outline chronology highlights events of the church, and several short chapters bring the account to the present. Then follow the lists of members, marriages, and other information taken from the church's record books. Inscriptions from the Old Methodist Cemetery are included; in addition, Mrs. D'Autrechy has extracted genealogical notes from the notations in the record books. Several families (Bunn, Fidler, Knowles) are discussed in some detail. The index shows many of the same names that appeared in Hopewell Valley Heritage (PGM, XXVIII, 208) and whose families had been Presbyterian. Mrs. D'Autrechy has succeeded in making this compact history of great genealogical value. Mr. Barrett's intentions were different—and he has succeeded in his aim of bringing to life, in vivid narrative form, the history of this fifth Catholic Church in the Philadelphi a area, founded by Dennis Kelly who arrived in Philadelphia in 1806. Every aspect of church life is covered in rich detail, and there is much fascinating history of the Main Line area surrounding it. A tremendous amount of research went into this work, yet the account remains lively, focusing more on the religious and social life of the parish and the area, than on the individual parishioners. The handsome volume is generously illustrated with photographs of persons, building and events. No records of genealogical interest are given, but this account is essential for an understanding of the organization and activities of Saint Denis. The publication, sponsored by the Church and its members, is a bargain at its price. 1723-1973: Two Hundred Fifty Years—Tulpehocken. Ed. by Marie Knorr Graeff, introduction by Rev. Frederick S. Weiser. (Womelsdorf, Pa.: The Tulpehocken Settlement Historical Society, 1973. iii, 67 p. Illustrations, maps. $3.00.) It was a capital idea to collect from issues of the Historical Review of Berks County dating back to 1936 these twelve articles regarding the settlement in 1723 of Tulpehocken by a group of German Palatine emigrants who had first arrived along the Hudson River, New York, in 1709-10. Thanks to a judicious choice of material, a fairly complete picture of this important settlement is given, starting with the historical background of the German emigration, describing the stay of the Palatines in New York, devoting ample (perhaps too much) attention to the route(s) taken to Pennsylvania, presenting valuable biographical and genealogical data about the settlers, and concluding with the registers of Reed's Church, now in the Moravian Archives, Bethlehem (see also PGM, XXIX, 41-49). Pastor Weiser contributes a helpful introduction, putting this material in useful perspective and citing some subsequent relevant publications. The Tulpehocken Settlement Historical Society is to be commended for publishing this material, yet Book Reviews 169 another evidence of its active and constructive program; copies may be obtained from Mrs. Luther P. Sensenig, 245 West High Street, Womelsdorf, Pa. 19567. The Personal Estates of Early Farmers and Tradesmen of Colonial New Jersey, 1670-1750. By Harry B. Weiss. (102 p. Maps. 1971. $4.00.) Rafting on the Delaware River. By Harry B. Weiss and Grace M. Weiss. (72 p. Illustrations, map index. 1975. [Reprint of 1967 edition.] $3.00.) These pamphlets axe two in a series of annual publications of the New Jersey Agricultural Society, Trenton. The first volume is largely a statistical analysis of property, by county, gathered from the Calendar of New Jersey Wills for the period indicated: livestock, crops, slaves, books, firearms, etc., which gives a useful insight into the way of life of the largely rural population (see also PGM, XXVIII, 289). Five introductory chapters, plus concluding summary and references, round out an interesting study. The book on rafting serves to remind us that water provided the cheapest and most convenient mode of transportation in the days of poor or non-existent roads, and that a river system like the Delaware was a more important geographical consideration than the civil boundaries separating New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania and Delaware. There is a complete technical description of building and operating rafts (plus references to the famous Durham boats),many human interest stories of rafting crews (after rafting downriver, crewmen ften had to walk upriver as far as Delhi, N. Y., or elsewhere, to start all over again). Particularly valuable is Chapter IX, devoted to an annotated list of Delaware River Islands, many of which no longer exist. Old Gravestones of Putnam County New York, Together with Information from Ten Adjacent Dutchess County Burying Grounds. By Barbara Smith Buys. (Baltimore: Gateway Press, 1975. xviii, 369. Maps, index. $25.00.) Many years of devoted work, several cases of poison ivy, and three pairs of sneakers went into this monumental work. It comes as close as is humanly possible to being a definitive list of all surviving inscriptions in cemeteries in Putnam County. Some 11,800 inscriptions are given of persons born by 1850; the names are arranged alphabetically in each burying ground, and the latter-79 in all—are arranged in the six major areas of Putnam County. Each area is preceded by an excellent map specially designed by Andrew S. Leto; each cemetery list is preceded by short notes by Mrs. Buys, including helpful (even essential) directions for getting there, since a fair number of the burying grounds are abandoned and/or overgrown. The work concludes with an Addendum of ten nearby cemeteries in Dutchess County, not included in a 1924 publication, Old Gravestones of Dutchess County, and with a surname index to all names. Such a publication is an indispensable research tool, and the compiler, a professional genealogist, is to be commended for her valiant and successful efforts. A similar volume for each county, esepecially those East of the Mississippi, would be most valuable; local societies and publishers, please note. Journey Across Plowed Ground. Being a Partial Account of the Ancestry and Descendants of foe! Baker, Soldier of the Revolution. By Elizabeth M. Edmunds. {Rutland, Vt.: Academy Books, 1974. vi, 170 p. Indexes. $12.48.) This work starts with John Baker, born ca. 1598 in Norwich, Norfolk County, England, arrived in Massachusetts in the 1630s, was recorded in Watertown, New- 170 The Pennsylvania Genealogical Magazine bury, Reading and Ipswich, and died in Topsfield in the 1680s. The compiler, a 10th generation descendant, gives the presumed ancestry of the immigrant John, and follows some of his lines down to Joel and beyond, into the 13th generation. She is to be commended for a thoroughly professional job, with full documentation and citations, especially strong in land records, which are often scanted. She has also succeeded, to a remarkable degree, 111 securing cousinly cooperation, getting copies of Bible records and correspondence, all of which serve to enrich her brief biographies with warm personal touches. Additional material of value is contained in six appendices. The index is limited to members of the Baker and allied families; so long as these indexes were compiled, we wish that the additional names (often of great interest) had also been included. This genealogy is highly recommended—for Bakers and non-Bakers alike-as a fine combination of professional research and interesting presentation. Burke's American Families with British Ancestry. (Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1975. [Facsimile reprint of pages 2529 to 3022, with related armorial plates, of the 16th edition of Burke's Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Landed Gentry, 1939.] 494 p. 48 plates of coats of arms, with index. $25.00.) One of this reviewer's pet peeves is the frequent changing of titles when a book is re-published in the United States. Thus this long out-of-print work would appear to the casual reader to be an entirely new work rather than an abstract of the records of American families in the 16th edition of the Landed Gentry— the only edition that offered such pedigrees. Like all the editions of Burke until the second half of this century, this is a collection of data put together from material submitted by the subject families, with little or no verification of the data supplied. Consequently the quality is mixed. This reviewer has personal knowledge of the editing process for this edition, since one of the family accounts in the book is his own, was put together by him, and appears just as he wrote it. No citations of source material were ever requested by the editor. The work has particular value to the genealogist, therefore, not for the earlier parts of the pedigrees, but rather for the last three generations in each family, the time period most laborious to work, spanning the years from the 1880 census well into the first half of the twentieth century. There is no list of the pedigrees nor any index, but all families appear alphabetically as is customary in the Burke publications. Well over one hundred Delaware Valley families are represented, with a strong emphasis on the Philadelphia and suburban area. An examination of these names demonstrates that, in spite of the title, not all the families are of British ancestry, at least in the uninterrupted male line. WALTER LEE SHEPPARD, jR. Denizations, Naturalizations, and Oaths of Allegiance in Colonial New York. By Kenneth Scott and Kenn Stryker-Rodda. (Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1975. xi, 120 p. Index. $12.00.) In earlier days, family genealogical organizations cooperated to share the burden of searching printed and manuscript source records. With the disappearance of most of these older groups from the scene, the individual family historian Book Reviews 171 is faced with the almost overwhelming chore of personally making these searches. Thus any new volume which supplies a new "finding-list" is to be welcomed, especially so for the colonial period. Individuals are pinpointed in specific localities at stated times, and the areas of search may be narrowed. Professional genealogists rely heavily on such compilations, because they are able to save wasteful excursions, reduce clients' fees, and display a higher competence. The present book will become a standard check-list or classic reference in any competent study of New York colonial families of non-English origin, and will have some relevance to English families which may at some time have been under Dutch rule. It is very compact, but provides reference to a surprising number of individuals from 1664 until 1776. We can assume that the majority of these were men of some property and importance, for the cost of denization or naturalization presented a barrier unless there was some overriding need for the formality; usually, the purpose was to protect the man's right to accumulate wealth and property for transmittal to his offspring or to permit him to engage in shipping and commerce. Some of the data had previously been available in scattered publications, tedious enough to search, but now additional manuscript resources have been transcribed and published for the first time. The two authors have collaborated to provide succinct explanatory material identifying the specific laws and the background conditions under which each person listed secured legalization of his status. Occasionally, additional identifying references such as probate proceedings are appended to names appearing in the lists. There is also a supplemental index of persons only incidentally mentioned in the subject proceedings. An occasional searcher may be shocked by the publication (see page 94, etc.,) of the names of many who in 1776 subscribed to loyalist oaths, among whom are many not previously documented as loyalists. We have noted some errors in index and page references, and in transcriptions of dates. If a more careful examination shows these to be numerous, we might hope the publishers will circulate an errata sheet. I think it is appropriate to congratulate the publishers for adding an original volume to a catalog which is criticized sometimes as exploiting the efforts of earlier researchers whose publication rights have lapsed. LOUIS DUERMYER The Baskin(s) Family: South Carolina—Pennsylvania, with Stephens and Martin Notes. By Raymond Martin Bell. (Washington, Pa., 1975. 49 p. Maps. $5.00.) In a note on p. 11, Dr. Bell mentions that he has been publishing Baskin(s) data for over 40 years: the first edition of this work in 1934 contained only three pages. In the meantime, over one thousand persons "have helped and shown interest," an eloquent tribute to Dr. Bell. Typical of his work, each page of this publication is packed with the equivalent of four or so pages in other genealogies, and is enriched by biographical and historical information, quotations from documents and the like. Dr. Bell traces the origins of the family in County Donegal, Ireland, and describes in detail the branches in South Carolina and in the Paxton region in Pennsylvania, at or near the mouth of Juniata River (now Perry County). Considerable space is devoted to special topics, including Indian Wars and Captives, 172 The Pennsylvania Genealogical Magazine Migrations, Related Families, etc. The work concludes with a complete index in three parts: place names, Baskin, and Other Surnames. We salute this additional example of Dr. Bell's scholarship and diligence. A Freeland History, Being a Genealogical Record of the Descendants of Mary (Pollock) Freeland of Carlisle, Pennsylvania, 1746-1971. By Harry A. Focht, Ernest W. Freeland, H. Frank T. Freeland, William B. Watson. (Huramelstown, Pa.: Thoroughbred Press, 1971. x, 356 p. Illustrations, maps, index. $20.00.) Tracing the origins of the family to Carlisle, Cumberland County, from which members quickly spread to Perry County, then throughout Pennsylvania and beyond, the authors bring the account of the family up to the 1970s. A remarkable selection of old photographs, maps, reproductions of documents brings to life the saga of the 665 family groups described. The work concludes with a brief discussion of the 14 (apparently unrelated) Freeland Family Groups so far identified in the United States, and a complete index. A fine collaborative effort. The Albany Protocol. Wilhelm Christoph Berkenmeyer's Chronicle of Latheran Affairs in New York Colony, 1731-1750. Edited by John P. Dern. (Ann Arbor, Mich., 1971. lx, 643 p. Illustrations, maps, charts, indexes. $16.00.) This extraordinary publication is a shining example of devotion, perseverance and dedication. Work on it covered a 34-year period, and engaged scores of experts in genealogy, history, religion and related fields; the end result is a triumph of scholarship which deserves the highest praise. The Albany Protocol is a combined journal, daybook and record of events kept by Pastor Berkenmeyer, a "scholarly orthodox Lutheran from north Germany," during his twenty years in Loonenburg (now Athens), Albany Co., N.Y. The manuscript, in difficult Dutch script and in various languages, including German and Latin, had been for many years in the Library of the Lutheran Theological Seminary, Gettysburg; in 1937 began the long campaign to translate and edit it, and to liberate its contents. The chief participants in the lengthy and difficult drama were Dr. Henry J. Kreider, late Historian of the United Lutheran Synod of New York and New England; Dr. Simon Hart, Archivist of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in the Netherlands, and his wife, Mrs. Sibrandina Geertruid Hart-Runeman, both of Amsterdam; and John P. Dem of California, the editor and much else. The latter's introduction provides a fascinating summary of events and personalities; in it he makes generous acknowledgement to the scores of persons who helped bring this mammoth task to a successful conclusion. The Protocol itself gives an absorbing account of the daily problems confronting Berkenmeyer and is written in a straightforward, even unblushing, manner. Hundreds of persons are named, and their family relationships and other information are given either in the text, or in the nearly one thousand footnotes. Every device of scholarship is brought into play to make this a definitive work: in addition to the abovementioned introduction and footnotes, there are many detailed maps, illustrations (of places, documents, etc.), appendices, genealogies of nine families, plus charts, a superb bibliography, and two indexes—a general one, and one to the genealogies. Many of the families are Palatines. This is a vitally important book for anyone interested in the colonial period, and essential for an understanding of this particular time and place. It is also a model of the highest scholarship, and an inspiration to others to make available comparable works still untranslated and unedited, no matter how intractable the Book Reviews 173 problems may seem. We salute everyone connected with this magnificent enterprise. Copies are available from the Monocacy Book Co., Redwood City, CA 94064. Maryland Records, Colonial, Revolutionary, County and Church from Original Sources. By Gaius Marcus Brumbaugh. (Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1975. 2 Vols., ranr, 1201 p. Map, illustrations. $50.00.) When these volumes appeared (in 1915 and 1928), they became at once an important starting point for pre-Revolutionary and Revolutionary period research in Maryland. They remain so today, since they provide in indexed and printed form carefully transcribed material not available elsewhere. The period encompassed is from 1766 to the end of the Revolution, except for the manorial rolls which, though dated from 1766, often contain entries from the 1740s, the marriage and birth records of All Saints Parish, Frederick, 1727-81, and the marriage licenses of St. Mary's County, 1794-1864. Facsimile reproductions of original documents make clear to the researcher the appearance and use of the records, and brief explanations precede each different section and transcription showing the location and background of each set of records at the time of publication. The records selected include the 1776 census and related documents, those of the Proprietors' manors, oaths of fidelity, naturalizations, and marriage records from many counties. There are a few, but not many, church and tombstone transcriptions. The importance of the Frederick County and nearby records to the study of Pennsylvania border settlements is well known. The indexes are complete and excellent. This is the second reprinting of these volumes by the publisher; every library collection dealing with this area should possess this set. WALTER LEE SHEPPARD, JR. Magna Charta, King John and the Barons. By Arthur Edwin Bye. (The Baronial Order of Magna Charta, 1966. [iv], 202 p. Illustrations, genealogical charts, coats of arms. $10.00.) This remarkable work is the end product of a life interest of the author who hips moves with remarkable ease through all the tangled royal and noble relations of the 150 years from the Norman Conquest to the Signing of the Magna Charta. Mr. Bye's scholarship and familiarity with the period and its personages are discerned in the opening chapter on King John, which elucidates his complex character with extraordinary skill, detail and fairness. The historical background of the period is carefully laid, showing that the guiding principle for the nobles was feudal loyalty rather than patriotism, thus accounting for what we would tend to consider treasonable activities. After biographical treatment of two prominent figures, William Marshall and Stephen Langton, the author moves to the heart of his work, lengthy chapters on the Sureties (Earls and Barons) for Magna Charta and the Guarantors and Counsellors of King John. Many of these sections, particulary for the Earls, are dense with genealogical detail, often tracing ancestry back to 1066 and even earlier, when it was royal. The biographies are enlived with significant fact and detail, giving a real sense of the times. This book is highly recommended for everyone interested in this important historical period. Copies may be obtained from William Hannis Perot, Esq.,4000% Lasher Road, Drexel Hill, PA 19026, past Marshal and Genealogist of th Order. 174 The Pennsylvania Genealogical Magazine How to Decipher and Study Old Documents—Being a Guide to the Reading of Ancient Manuscripts. By E. E. Thoyts (Mrs. John H. Cope). (Detroit: Gale Research Co., 1974. [Reprint of London edition, 1903.] xv, 149 p. Illustrations. $10.00.) This useful little book deals less with deciphering old script (which the title might suggest) than with understanding the background, purposes and meaning of old English documents—not just parish registers and deeds, but monastic charters, manor and court rolls, and other sources of genealogical information. There are helpful hints for beginners, explanations of legal technicalities, Latin and Old English language problems, and much else to guide the researcher in unfamiliar territory. Guide to Printed Books and Manuscripts Relating to English and Foreign Genealogy.... By George Gatfield. (1966. [Reprint of London edition, 1892.] Partial index. 646 p. $19.50.) Sobriquets and Nicknames. By Albert R. Frey. (1966. [Reprint of Boston edition, 1888.] iii, 482 p. $14.00.) These two reprints of the Gale Research Co., Detroit, have a certain antiquarian interest, but are of limited value to a present-day genealogist. The second book can be classified as a curiosity, a collection of trivia. The Guide, addressed primarily to British readers, does list many obscure and potentially helpful publications and articles; the difficulty is that more than half of them seem to be manuscripts, many of them in private hands and therefore largely inaccessible. There are useful sections on family histories, English counties, and the like, with an occasional gem to be found, but the coverage is far from complete—in the Oxfordshire section, for example, the fine local histories of William Wing and others were not noted. Much of the material has been published in the intervening years, by the Harleian Society and others. The section on pedigrees has been made obsolete by J. B. Whitmore, A Genealogical Guide: An Index to British Pedigrees in Continuation of Marshall's Genealogist's Guide, 1903 (1953) ; access to many fugitive articles has been provided in the magisterial Guide to Historical and Archeological Publications of Societies in England and Wales, 1901-1933 (London, 1968), compiled by E. L. C. Mullins for the Institute of Historical Research. Under the Blue Hills: Scotch Plains, New Jersey. By Marion Nicholl Rawson. (Scotch Plains: The Historical Society of Scotch Plains and Fanwood, 1974. 2l2 p. Illustrations by author, maps, index. $5.00.) The author, a native of Scotch Plains, completed this work in 1956, shortly before her death at age 78. It is a loving memoir interweaving local history and personal reminiscence in an effective fashion. Settled by Quakers and Scottish Dissenters in 1684, the area (just "twenty miles from Broadway") maintained its rural character until fairly recently. These early settlers wrote back many letters to Scotland, later published (see p. 19) and here quoted at length, which give a detailed picture of late 17th century life. Later documents of the 18th and 19th centuries are also quoted, but it is mainly a narrative account, with many anecdotes, that fleshes out the account of the area. Chapters on Indians, farming, churches, schools, taverns, roads and the American Revolution provide a framework for a reconstruction of earlier life and of the families of the area, all reinforced by recollections of the author, A comprehensive index expedites location of names, places and subjects. Another worthy effort by Book Reviews 175 a local historical society. Copies may be ordered from Book Chairman, 172) Cooper Road, Scotch Plains, NJ 07076. /n Search of British Ancestry. By Gerald Hamilton-Edwards. (Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1974. 293 p. Illustrations, bibliography, index. $15.00.) This book, now in its third edition (previously published in 1966 and 1969), shares the virtues of the same author's In Search of Scottish Ancestry (PGM, XXVIII, 53). Mr. Hamilton-Edwards divides his work into 31 chapters, covers all the obvious categories of sources, and gives useful historical background, explanations of documents, addresses of relevant libraries and societies. The information, presented in a common-sense manner, includes some sources (organizations and publications) that even the most assiduous searcher may have overlooked (see especially the chapters on military records, professions, East India Company). Frequent reference is made to the Society of Genealogists in London, and to the many basic articles in its excellent magazine. Certainly, anyone starting in the complex and rewarding field of British genealogy will want this book as a constant reference—and would also want to join the Society. The chapter on searching in the U.S.A. is too short to be of much help, and the list of genealogical periodicals too quixotic to be representative (and PGM is incorrectly cited). The concluding chapter on recent developments is most helpful, as is the selective list of recent publications (1966-March 1974). The extensive bibliography, arranged by chapter, deserves careful study; in this reviewer's copy, it appears to be defective, stopping with the letter "I)" under Chapter 29, to make way for a Note on two books on wills and administrations. Perhaps the publisher can make good to purchasers the missing page(s). Hufstedler Family and Allied Families (believed to be descendants of Michael Hochstaedter of the Ship Hark 1736). By Leno Jo Kelly Glaser (Mrs. Alfred W.). (Philadelphia: Xerox Reproduction Center, 1974. xxiu, 1,020 p. Illustrations, maps, partial index. $25.00.) This mammoth work, after referring to Hochstetler genealogies of 1912 and 1938, and the classic works of Strassburger and Hinke and of Rupp, cites the Archives of Neuchatel, Switzerland, showing that Michael came from Nydegg, parish of Wahlern, commune of Schwarzenburg. This Michael is believed to be the ancestor of Frederick of Maryland and Tryon County, North Carolina. Frequent recourse is made to census and cemetery records and to revolutionary war pension rolls; pages from Peiter Hey! and His Descendants are reproduced, as are letters, affidavits, newspaper clippings, DAR applications. Part I is devoted to the immediate descendants of Michael, Part II to Allied Families, and Part III has nine sections devoted to the families of the children of Jacob and Alsey Moore Hufstedler of South Carolina, three of whom were bon) in South Carolina and six in Tennessee. Burke's Presidential Families of the United Stites of America. (New York: Arco Publishing Co., 1975. xix, 676 p. Illustrations, charts, index. $39.95.) This impressive work will interest genealogists and historians, though probably for separate reasons: it features a refreshing, debunking preface by the editor, Hugh Montgomery-Massingberd, a brilliant essay on the Presidency by Sir Denis Brogan, and a separate chapter for each President, including the present incum- 176 The Pennsylvania Genealogical Magazine bent, with a lively and perceptive biography (by historians Marcus and Lesley Hume Cunliffe) which captures the essence of the man. The ancestry of each President is traced principally in the male line, and all known descendants listed. Appendices include material on Jefferson Davis, the Vice Presidents, Presidents of Royal Descent, and Presidential elections. A portrait of each man is included. It is of course ironic that the British have prepared this publication, in time for the Bicentennial, and they deserve considerable praise for amassing so much material of such particular interest to American readers. The essay and biographies are tops, but the genealogical material reflects the usual Burkian disregard for documentation, and their all too frequent chauvinism and parochialism, as shown in two examples: the statement that all Presidents, except the five of Dutch and Swiss ancestry, were of British descent—which would surely upset the ten or so of Irish and Scotch-Irish descent; and the tracing of ancestry in the male line, as if a title or property were descending to the eldest son, and thereby, as well, accounting for only a small fraction of the ancestors, a steadily decreasing amount with each successive generation. The distinguished ancestry of Washington here given is based on the article by George Washington, "President George Washington's Male Descent, 1180-1732," Northamptonshire Past & Present, V (1973), 33-35, which has an added introduction, references and 13 coats of arms. (Additional ancestry of Washington, going back to Magna Charta nobles, is shown on a wall chart in the Genealogy Room, Library of Congress Annex, Washington.) The fraudulent royal ancestry of Gen. U. S. Grant is again trotted out, though it was thoroughly disproved many years ago, as shown by Dr. George McCracken in his review of this book (TAG, 51 (1975), 190-1). The matter of the illegitimate children of Jefferson is ignored, although the similar situation of two much later Presidents is recorded. Some of the portraits are poorly chosen, showing men after leaving office (John Quincy Adams, for example). Despite the above, this is a most commendable work, and future editions may take care of some of its defects. Guide to the Historical Markers of Pennsylvania, Erected by the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission. (Harrisburg: PHMC, 1975. vi, 163 p. Illustrations, index. $1.25.) New Jersey in the American Revolution, 1763-1783. A Chronology. By Dennis P. Ryan. (Trenton: New Jersey Historical Commission, 1974. 80 p. Illustrations, $1.00.) Of the over 1350 markers along the Pennsylvania State highways, about 200 recall people and events of the American Revolution. Located in all 67 counties, these markers explain briefly persons, places and happenings of local historical interest. This handy guide, now in its 4th edition, lists by county the texts of all these markers, includes a few illustrations, and concludes with an index which is defective omitting various names in the texts of the markers. Mr. Ryan's work is more creative—and more interesting to peruse, since his chronology, as the result of astute selection, gives a sense of narrative to the important events, many of them military, in "this cauldron of protracted conflict." His helpful introduction sets the stage for the account, which is enriched by maps of John P. Snyder (PGM, XXIX, 91-2) and other illustrative material. A bibliography and list of changed place names enhance the value of this useful and attractive reference. Book Reviews 177 The American Revolution: Mirror of a People. By William Peirce Randel. Photographs by George Fistrovich. (Maplewood, N.J.: Hammond, 1973. 256 p. Illustrations, maps. Index. $14.95.) This handsome publication gives a superb account of what life was like in the American colonies in 1775. The author, Professor of English at the University of Main; has steeped himself in the daily life of the period; while there is ample evidence of his scholarship, he wears it lightly, so that a fascinating narrative account emerges, enriched by much lively source material such as newspaper accounts advertisements, letters, ballads and the like. .Dr Randel covers all aspects of life in the thirteen colonies, from cradle to grave: birth, marriage, death, work, play, food, housing, clothing, crafts, health, politics, etc.; we learn again that only half of the population was "free"; that there were more whites than blacks in conditions of servitude that could be equated to slavery; that of the 20 major cities of the colonies, all but one were ports— and that the one exception was Lancaster, Pa., which ranked 12th in population, helped perhaps by the fact that the best surfaced mad in all the colonies was between Philadelphia and Lancaster. A special note of credit goes to the Art Director and staff for creating such a handsome showcase for this outstanding text and marvelous selection of illustrations, including 128 pages in full color. The book is enthusiastically recommended to read, to keep, and to give as a present. Revolutionary War Years in Berks, Chester and Montgomery Counties, Pennsylvania, Being Chiefly Concerned from September 11 till December 18, 1777. By W. Edmunds Claussen. (Boyertown, Pa.: Gilbert Printing Co., 1973. vii, 175 p. Illustrations. $9.00.) Of the myriad of books written about the Revolutionary War, it is gratifying to discover one that is neither voluminous nor filled with unsubstantiated stories. Mr. Claussen has presented in a brief but exceedingly interesting style the story of the war as it related to Berks, Chester, and Montgomery Counties, from September to December, 1777. The author presents the soul-stirring scenes and personal experiences of those who actually participated in the conflict. This he has accomplished by weaving many eye-witness accounts into one continuous narrative of the events as they unfolded during those trying months. Mr. Claussen was not only a keen student of historical incidents, but also of personal motivations. He had access to a considerable mass of valuable papers, letters and diaries, and used these sources wisely to make his book explicit and informative. The book is well documented, indicating that it has been well researched. It is regrettable that the printing is rather difficult to read. A larger type would have made the book more pleasurable to peruse. GEORGE E. BURGER Military Journal of Major Ebenezer Denny. (New York: Arno Press, 1971. (Reprint of 1859 edition.] 288 p. Illustrations, maps. $13.00.) The inclusion of this work in the series "Eyewitness Accounts of the American Revolution" could possibly be considered erroneous. Only the first 20 or so pages of the 162 pages devoted to the journal fall in the period of the American Revolution. The work is for the most part an eyewitness account of several expeditions mounted by the young Republic against hostile Indians on the Western 178 The Pennsylvania Genealogical Magazine frontier. The most significant of these was the disastrous expedition under General Arthur St. Clair which resulted in a total victory for the Indians and a virtual destruction of the nation's small standing army. The work provides a good insight into the difficulties encountered by any European type military force which was called upon to operate in an uncivilized wilderness in the late 18th century. It is ironic that many of the military problems faced by the new nation in its attempt to subjugate the Indian tribes of the Ohio region were similar to those facing the British Army in its efforts to put down the Revolution. The work contains two rather long appendices. One contains numerous letters of Lt. Col. Josiah Harmar, Major Denny's commanding officer, to various persons. These letters all deal in some respect with the Indian expeditions. The other is a vocabulary list of words used by the Delaware and Shawnee Indians during the period of the campaigns. Although not an extensive work, if used with other sources it can provide the reader with some insight into the life of some of the nation's early pioneers. GARY Cmuszosnza Extracts from the Diary of Christopher Marshall, Kept in Philadelphia and Lancaster, during the American Revolution, 1774-1781. Ed. by William Duane. (New York: Arno Press, 1969. [Reprint of 1877 edition.] iv, 330. Index. $11.00.1 Christopher Marshall (1709-1797) arrived in Philadelphia in 1737 and pursued a career as a pharmacist so successfully that he was able to retire in 1774. He then devoted himself wholeheartedly to the cause of American liberty, taking advantage of his location in Philadelphia and later in Lancaster to participate in or follow closely most of the political events in the cities and to associate and socialize with the political leaders. As a result, his diary, which covers the period 9 Jan 1774 to 24 Sep 1781, gives a truly "Eyewitness Account of the American Revolution" (of which series this volume is a part). Because of his many important positions, Marshall was in the thick of things: the Philadelphia Committee of Inspection and Observation. the Provincial Conference in Philadelphia to set up a new State Government, the Council of Safety, among others. On 5 July 1779 (4 July being a Sunday), Marshall was the Toastmaster at the celebration of the "anniversary of our Independence" (the first such anniversary recorded in his diary), and led the parade from the Courthouse to a "Spacious piece of woodland adjoining Conestoga Creek" and back. Family and religious concerns are also mentioned (Marshall, a birthright Quaker, was expelled from the Society of Friends because of his political activities), but the main attraction of this highly readable diary is a sense of actually being there and watching a new country being born. Highly recommended. Washington Along the Delaware. By Ray Thompson. (Fort Washington, Pa.: Bicentennial Press, 1970. 84 p. Illus., maps. $3.50.) Washington at Germantown. By Ray Thompson. (Fort Washington, Pa.: Bicentennial Press, 1971. 108 p. Illus., maps. $4.00.) Washington Along the Delaware is an account of the battles of Trenton and Princeton. The author begins with the encampment along the Delaware opposite Trenton in early December, 1776, and recounts the events of the next thirty days— Book Reviews 179 from the preparations for crossing the river and the Christmas night attack on Trenton through the second battle of Trenton and the battle of Princeton. Washington at Germantown is divided into two parts. The first part details the Continental Army's activities in the Philadelphia area during the summer and fall of 1777, terminating in the fighting at Brandywine and Paoli and the battle of Germantown. The second part deals with Washington's stay at Germantown in the fall of 1793, while the yellow fever epidemic was raging in Philadelphia, and his return visit in the summer of 1794. The final chapters examine the various portraits of Washington executed at Germantown by Gilbert Stuart. The two books are similar in format. Each is profusely illustrated with early paintings and engravings, modern photographs and numerous drawings by the author. Each book contains a very rudimentary bibliography, and neither is indexed. Mr. Thompson's books are not written for the scholar or the historian. With the exception of Washington's writings, the author relies almost exclusively on secondary source material and provides no footnotes or references. Yet for the armchair historian or general reader, both works are ideally suited. The facts are clearly and accurately presented, often in depth, and the reader is spared the task of plodding through hundreds of pages of William S. Stryker or Charles J. Jenkins. The illustrations are appropriate and, particularly in the second book, wellcaptioned. Though of limited value to the genealogist or research scholar, Washington Along the Delaware and Washington at Germantown will be welcomed by the reader who wants a concise, yet complete, account of the campaigns of TrentonPrinceton and Germantown. Joszest J. FELCONE Pathways to Independence—Discovering Independence National Historical Park. By Shirley Milgrim. Illustrated by Richard Fish. (Riverside, Conn.: Chatham Press, 1975. 127 p. Map. $4.95.) Created in cooperation with the National Park Service, this historical guide to the Independence National Historical Park's sites, plus a few additional ones, is a distinguished addition to Bicentennial publications. Each of the 21 chapters is devoted to a building (church, residence, public building) in or associated with the area, most of them in close proximity to Independence Hall. By starting with Gloria Del (Old Swedes' Church) and ending with the First and Second Banks of the United States and the Philadelphia Exchange, much of Philadelphia's history for 150 years emerges, though events connected with the struggle for Independence are emphasized. Much fascinating attention is given to personal history, especially in the chapters on residences. The pen and ink drawings are most attractive and appropriate. All in all, this is a choice publication. A paperbound edition is available at $2.95 from National Park Service outlets only and makes a most worthwhile souvenir. "Presbyterians and the American Revolution: A Documentary Account." (Journal of Presbyterian History, Vol. 52, No. 4 (Winter 1974). 192 p. (Illustrations, bibliography. $2.00.) This special number of the excellent Journal is an outstanding example of imaginative selection of documents, often from obscure sources, to bring to life 180 The Pennsylvania Geenalogical Magazine the Presbyterian role in the American Revolution and in the events that led to it. After an introduction by James H. Smylie, Editor of the Journal, and a brief chronology, the body of the issue is divided into nine sections, each with its own introduction, with a total of 74 selections, based largely on various individuals (Gilbert Tennent, Henry Melchior Muhlenberg, Benjamin Rush, James Wilson and John Witherspoon, to name just a few). The result is an impressive collection of great historical and human interest. Subscriptions to the Journal are $7.50 a year, from the Presbyterian Historical Society, 425 Lombard Street, Philadelphia, PA 19147. A Delaware Indian Symposium. Ed. by Herbert C. Kraft. (Harrisburg: Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, 1975. 160 p. Illus. $4.50; paper, $3.00.) Indians of Southern New Jersey. Comp. by Frank H. Stewart. (Port Washington, N.Y.: Kennikat Press, 1973. [Reprint of 1932 edition.] 93 p. Illus. $7.00.) Here are two books that should interest readers of PGM. The better one by far is A Delaware Indian Symposium, which is based on papers presented at Seton Hall University in May 1972: "Indian Prehistory of New Jersey; European Trade Relations in the 17th and 18th Centuries; Moses (Tunda) Tatamy, Delaware Indian Diplomat; The Delaware Indians in the Covenant Chain; The Delaware Language, Past and Present; Delaware Social Organization; and Delaware Indian Nave Giving and Modern Practice." Also included are two very useful appendices: "A Note on the Unalachtigo," and "Dutch Loanwords in Delaware." An excellent bibliography follows each essay. The overall quality of the essays is very good, tribute no doubt to the coordinators who got competent scholars to participate in the symposium. As a result, this work does not suffer from the unevenness that usually plagues efforts of this sort. Genealogists will find most useful the essays on Moses Tatum, Delaware name giving, and the brief note on the Unalachtigo. Toprepare these essays, the contributors had to glean elusive biographical information from a variety of sources, such as treaties, convenants, wills, land and church records, memoirs, and the like. Although the essayists do not tell the reader how to go about doing genealogical research, the path for those interested in pursuing such work is well-marked and need only be followed. The Indians of Southern New Jersey by Stewart is perhaps most useful in demonstrating how far anthropological and historical research methodology has progressed in forty years. Originally published by the Gloucester County Historical Society in 1932, this slim book consists of little more than a series of disjointed essays written by antiquarians interested in local Indian history. Nevertheless, the reprint is useful because several of the essays provide pertinent genealogical information from wills and church and court records. Especially interesting are the data concerning Indian slaves in New Jersey. For instance, Joseph Brown of Salem County, who died in 1711, owned an Indian boy valued at £40, while Samuel Lippincott owned two Indian slaves valued at £75. Genealogists interested in New Jersey Indians should also look at the texts of numerous land deeds, bills of sale, trade records, and similar documents that are printed in the book. The publication of these two books underscores the current interest in the Native Americans, an interest which should be encouraged and supported as much as possible in this Bicentennial Era. However, as many genealogists already know, doing research on Indian history is difficult and time consuming because the data Book Reviews 181 are elusive and scattered. What is needed is systematic analysis of the various records that survive from the early years of this country in order to glean whatever information we can of our Indian heritage. HERMAN J. VIOLA The Pennsylvania-German in the Settlement of Maryland. By Daniel Wunderlich Nead. (Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1975. [Reprint of 1914 edition.] 304 p. Illustrations, maps, index. $15.00.) AU too often, books selected for reprint have long been superseded by more recent and thorough works. In this case, Dr. Nead's work has withstood the test of time and remains one of the classics in the field of German-American research. Dr. Nead details the climate for the first German settlements in Maryland, the religious history of the earliest settlers, conditions of home life, servitude, the French and Indian War, the Maryland-Pennsylvania border dispute and the part the Maryland Germans played in the Revolutionary War. lie drew from a number of primary sources including church records, militia lists, court records as well as newspapers. He lists names—not just those of the mighty reputations but also those of the ordinary folk—the private soldier and the lowly redemptioner. A most important aspect of Dr. Nead's work is that it draws from sources that the researcher will be impelled to explore more thoroughly. This aspect alone marks the work as an important contribution to Maryland-German research, one worthy of the attention of libraries and researchers in the field. MARY K. MEYER Know Your Ancestors. A Guide to Genealogical Research. By Ethel W. Williams. (Rutland, Vt.: Charles E. Tuttle, 1974. 313 p. Index. $8.50.) This book first appeared in 1960, and its popularity is indicated by the fact that this is the 21st printing. Dr. Williams developed the book from lecture notes used by her in teaching an adult class in family history at Kalamazoo, and currently, we understand, uses it as a class text. The original work was given a lengthy review by Donald Lines Jacobus, TAG, 37: 173-4, in which he listed a few errors and a number of shortcomings. Apparently the author has ignored this review, since the strengths and weaknesses there tabulated remain the same, and no revisions, even in the errors in dates, have been made. The once useful bibliography is now dated, since many important titles have appeared in the intervening 15 years. To Jacobus's comments, this reviewer would add that the valuable section on the dates of calendar change throughout Europe fails to tell the reader the specific adjustment in the old style date that became necessary in each case (since the adjustments were not all the same). Despite the criticisms noted by Mr. Jacobus, the book does have value when used in conjunction with other works, and provided its shortcomings are kept in mind. WALTER LEE SHEPPARD, JR. Colonial Maryland Naturalizations. By Jeffrey A. Wyand and Florence L. Wyand. (Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1975. xv, 104 pp. Index. $8.50.) The authors have combed the published Archives of Maryland and the unpublished Provincial Court documents to produce a volume that genealogists interested in Maryland will find invaluable. The first two parts of the book, denizations granted by the Council of Maryland and naturalizations granted by the enactment of private laws in the colonial legislature, have been taken from 182 The Pennsylvania Genealogical Magazine published sources, but genealogists living away from Maryland may not have easy access to these sources, so the material contained in these sections of the volume may still be completely new to many researchers. The third part, naturalizations granted under two statutes of the British Parliament in the reign of George II, presents material hitherto unpublished that even many researchers in Maryland may not have known about. The authors have made every effort to transcribe names exactly as they appeared in the original records, but even so, the vagaries of eighteenth century handwriting are such that some variation from the usual spelling of the names exists. Justus Engelhard Kitchin, a German painter naturalized in 1708, is no doubt the painter Justus Engelhard Kuhn. Lewis Dee Koch Brune, naturalized in 1694, may well have been a Lewis De Rochebrune. These examples are not intended to be a criticism of the Wyands' work, but rather a reminder to the researcher that colonial clerks may not have written names properly, and that variations in interpretations of handwriting are possible. In all three parts of the work, the names are arranged chronologically, with the dates of naturalization always given, and other information such as place of origin, county of residence, occupation, and other members of the family given if this information appeared in the original record. The source for the particular item is also included. Two full name indexes—one to the aliens who were naturalized and the other to the witnesses—are included. The usefulness of the work is enhanced by introductory material that traces the rights and privileges of aliens who received denization or who were naturalized, and that includes the history of various legislation dealing with naturalization in England and colonial Maryland. The appendix contains information on place names, clergymen and parishes mentioned in the text. In all, this is an extremely helpful book, recommended as a must for anyone doing research in Maryland genealogy or colonial history. This reviewer hopes that the authors will consider bringing out a companion volume to naturalizations in the early federal period. ROBERT BARNES A Genealogical and Biographical History of Allegheny County, Pennsylvania. Ed. by Dr. Thomas Cushing. (Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1975. [Reprint of excerpt of Part II, 1889 edition.] 578 p. Index. $20.00.) This publication has limited use for genealogists. It is essentially a "Who's Who in Allegheny County" in 1889. There are sketches of over 2000 persons, supplied by the individuals. Parents and grandparents are often listed. Pages 209 to 786 of Part II are reprinted here. The index, however, lists all names beginning with page 1, so some names in the index are not in the volume. This is pointed out on page 777. Of course, many names in each sketch are not in the index. Use is also restricted since the names are not arranged geographically or alphabetically. A number of the persons listed were born across the Atlantic; and in some cases there are detailed family histories. In one case noted, the daughter of a man born in Germany in 1742 was still living in 1889. There is a gold mine of data in this book. Anyone with Allegheny County connections in the 19th century should consult it. RAYMOND MARTIN BELL Book Reviews 183 Early Dutch Settlers of Monmouth County, New Jersey. By George C. Beekman. (New Orleans: Polyanthos, 1974. [Reprint of second edition, 1915.] xx (155 p. Illustrations. $12.00.) Genealogists always welcome the reprinting of basic works which have long been out of print, and difficult and/or prohibitively expensive to find for purchase. This title is such a book, assembled in 1901 from articles written for a leading Monmouth County newspaper, The Freehold Transcript. In most cases, each article was devoted to one or more families, and was dense with genealogical detail, often including material on the immigrant ancestor in the 17th century. In many cases, four generations of the family were included. Interspersed are chapters of historical interest, relating to migration from New York to New Jersey, events of the Revolutionary War, and other relevant background material. The accounts are enriched by illustrations of residences—and of the persons themselves. Also included are inscriptions from various cemeteries in the area, and marriage records from the First Dutch Church. We are delighted to note that the reprinting was sponsored by a local group— in this instance the Township of Neptune Historical Society—and that enlarged print was used, a considerable improvement in readability over the earlier editions. What we deplore, however, is that no index was added: while it is a relatively easy matter to investigate the various leading families, treated in their individual chapters (Barkalow, Hendricks(on), Schenck, Van Mater, and others), the detailed genealogies of the various families include marriages to persons of many other names, including non-Dutch ones, and there is no method of extracting these names except by carefully checking the entire text. Copies may be purchased from the Society, 25 Neptune Blvd., Neptune, NJ 07753 for $12.55 ppd. Ethnic History in Pennsylvania: A Selected Bibliography. By John E. Bodnar. (Harrisburg: Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, 1974. 47 p. $1.00.) The author is widely known for his ethnic studies of Pennsylvania, and especially as editor of The Ethnic Experience in Pennsylvania, 1973 (reviewed in PMHB, XCVIII (1974), 282-3), and for his "An Ethnic Profile of Pennsylvania," also 1973 (6 pages, mimeographed). Looking at the present inhabitants of the ommonwealth, rather than at the early settlers, he estimated in the latter work that in 1970 the combined German-British total of 25% was surpassed by the Slavic element of 28%, and that the second largest group was Italian at 17%. As the PMHB reviewer noted about Pennsylvania, "it is not a WASP state." Accordingly, genealogists who are seriously interested in the backgrounds of present-day Pennsylvanians will find this publication of inestimable value. After an introduction giving historical background and citing many areas of study still to be undertaken, Mr. Bodnar divides his work into 24 sections, the first on general studies, and the remainder devoted to national or geographic areas. Most of the obvious publications are listed, in convenient groupings, plus many magazine articles (some rather obscure) and, as an indication of the compiler's industry and thoroughness, a number of significant unpublished Ph. D. dissertations. The German and Negroes (divided into Slave and Nonslave) sections are especially full, and all others well represented, although it appears that the Dutch and Swiss sections might be filled out—in the latter case, for example, the basic Faust and Brumbaugh List of Swiss Emigrants . . . (1920, 1925, reprinted 1958) should 184 The Pennsylvania Genealogical Magazine certainly be included, as well as Dr. Leo Sehelbert's scholarly (and extended) corrections, published in NGSQ, 60 (1972), 36-46. No doubt an expert in a specific area will find an omission here and there, but such a shortcoming is inevitable in a work of this kind, and in no way detracts from the enlightened achievement of the compiler. This is a superior work which should attract wide attention and encourage genealogists to expand their horizons. Manuscript Sources in the Library of Congress for Research on the American Revolution. Comp. by John R. Sellers, Gerard W. Gawalt, Paul H. Smith, and Patricia Nolen van Be. (Washington: Library of Congress, 1975. iii, 372 p. Indexes. $8.70.) Guided by an Advisory Committee on which served Dr. Whitfield J. Bell, Jr., Librarian of the American Philosophical Society, the Library of Congress is carrying out an ambitious and extremely worthwhile program of activities to commemorate the Bicentennial: seminars, exhibitions (see PGM, XXIX (1975), 87), and publications such as this one and the earlier Periodical Literature on the American Revolution: Historical Research and Changing Interpretations, 1895-1970 (1971). The title under review is the capstone of the program, presenting in impressive, convenient and inexpensive format the extraordinary treasures of the Library for the period 1763-89. Until the creation in 1934 of the National Archives, the Library functioned largely in this capacity and was so described (as in the Prefatory of the Second Report of the Bureau of Archives for the Province of Ontario, 1904) ; much material flowed to it, faute de mieux. The collection received great impetus by the purchase in 1867 of the historical collection amassed by Peter Force (about which and whom more can now be known). In 1897, when the Library moved to its present quarters, the Librarian, John Russell Young, announced the creation of the Department of. Manuscripts—and since then the collection has grown to more than 33 million pieces. The 1617 entries in the guide are arranged alphabetically, and include material on all the prominent figures of the period, as well as many lesser known. There are hundreds of entries for family papers, journals and diaries, and orderly books, as well as miscellaneous MSS, all rich in genealogical material. The entries have ample biographical and bibliographical notations, often including lengthy lists of principal corespondents (see Mordecai Gist Papers, and Gist Family Papers, number 301 and 302). These hundreds of names plus all principal names are included in the conprehensive index. Persons intrested in this field of research are referred also to Charles M. Andrews and F. G. Davenport, Guides to Material for American History up to 1783 in the Public Record Of ice f (Washington, 1912) and Documents of the American Revolution, 1770-1783, ed. by K. C. Davies, 18 volumes (Irish University Press). We applaud this magnificent research tool, and share the Committee's hope that each of the several states will also issue a guide for its own materials. The Border Settlers of Northwestern Virginia from 1768 to 1795 . . . By Lucullus Virgil McWhorter. (Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1975. [Reprint of 1915 edition.] 509 p. Illustrations. $20.00.) This is a fascinating account of frontier life in what is now the State of West Virginia. Many exciting tales of the struggles with the Indians are related. The last half of the book is given over mostly to biographical information about some Book Reviews 185 of the early inhabitants, including Hughes, Lowther, McWhorter, Reger, Cozad, and Hurst. It is regretted that there is no index, since so many names are cited in the first part of the work. This omission is all the more unfortunate and unnecessary since a complete and accurate index of 39 pages was compiled in 1961 by Helen A. Bumgardner, Librarian of the Washington State Historical Society; it can be consulted in many libraries. The author was Curator of the Washington State Historical Society, an historian of pioneer and Indian lore, and, unusual for his times, noted for his fairness to and sympathies for the red man. A useful, although partially unhandy, tool for genealogical search in this region. ROBERT K. MATLACK Index to The New Jersey Genesis, 19534971. Comp. by The New Mexico Genealogical Society. (Albuquerque, N.M.: Hermosa Publishers, 1973. iv, 172. $15.00.) This admirable work unlocks thousands of names that appeared over a nineteen-year period in New Jersey Genesis. As all readers of this quarterly know, it Was full of lists of ratables, militia, naturalizations, oaths of allegiance, marriage records, family records, vital records, and other material of great interest and largely of the 18th century. Each issue also contained a large section of queries, so that the periodical served as a sort of meeting place and message center for New Jersey researchers, to the advantage of all. The valuable functions of the Genesis have now, thanks to the generous efforts of a distant genealogical society, been made readily available for all of us, and we are greatly in their debt. A spot check showed that the indexing was done with accuracy—our only criticism is that the indexing does not, as claimed, include Volume 19, Number 1 (October 1971), but stops with the preceding issue. We trust that subsequent volumes will be as capably indexed. All correspondence regarding the Index should be addressed to Mrs. Carl Nissen, c/o the Society, P. 0. Box 8734, Albuquerque, NM 87108. The Mayflower. By Kate Caffrey. (New York: Stein and Day, 1974. 392 p. Illustrations, maps, index. $10.00.) Probably the Mayflower is the best known ship in American genealogy—perhaps even in American history. Its story and the history of its passengers have been written about, in the greatest detail, for several centuries, and with increased impetus since the founding in 1897 of the General Society of Mayflower Descendants. The Society and its branches, through their publications, meetings and other activities, have explored every aspect of the participants in this epoch adventure, so that one must admire the courage of any writer who dares to enter these well researched fields. Kate Caffrey, an English writer, has done just that, and with considerable success on her terms—an account aimed primarily at the general reader. Once one becomes accustomed to her lively treatment (based to considerable extent on the accounts of Bradford, Mourt and Winslow, and claiming to include only documented facts), one can appreciate the valuable synthesis she has made. The English and Dutch backgrounds are thoroughly described, as are the voyage, landing and settlement—and the account continues until Bradford's death in 1657. Eleven appendices and an acknowledgement of sources complete the account. 186 The Pennsylvania Genealogical Magazine Saying this, one must still regret the author's lack of critical evaluation of events, evidences of carelessness in composition, heavy reliance on secondary sources—and apparent ignorance of many valuable critical studies by American authors. Some of the major shortcomings have already been pointed out in The Mayflower Quarterly, 40 (1974), 116, with the reassuring note that they will be corrected in a projected second edition. Monmouth County, New Jersey. A Bibliography of Published Works. 16761973. Comp. by Robert F. Van Benthuysen. (See Bright, N.J.: Ploughshare Press, 1974. x, 170. Index. $11.95.) An admirable idea and diligent research are here combined to make a useful reference book. Over 2600 items are recorded and they range from multi-volume works of history to obscure pamphlets. Many of the entries are annotated, and in each case (except for periodicals), one or more locations are given. The listings are divided into four parts: General, Individual Communities, Monmouth County at War, and Monmouth Miscellany. The latter has over 30 categories, including genealogy. The latter contains only 62 items, and omits such an obvious major work as the two volumes of Stout and Allied Families (1970, 1972), although four other Stout titles are included. The compiler has searched widely throughout New Jersey, and in a few major cities in adjacent states and elsewhere, for his entries, and it is useful, especially in the case of the ephemeral brochures, to list their locations. However, it is puzzling that although Mr. Van Benthuysen does list two Philadelphia locations, he does not include GSP, HSP, APS, Library Company, to mention the most obvious, and each of which contains valuable New Jersey material. Despite these shortcomings, this is a valuable reference; perhaps a second edition can include various improvements. John Long of Lancaster County, Pennsylvania and Some of His Descendants. By George Ernest Long, Jr. and Margaret W. Long. (New Orleans: Polyanthos, 1974. 219 p. Illustrations, index. $15.00.) In the course of more than two hundred years, there have been thousands of Lancaster County residents bearing the family name of Long. And there have been and are today many Longs named John. Thus, my first question was to wonder how the authors found the right John Long, progenitor of the particular line of Longs in which they were interested. They too must have realized the dimensions of their task when they wrote that in the first Federal Census of 1790 there were 202 Longs registered as heads of families in Pennsylvania. Fortunately for the compilers, a seven-page typewritten script of the family history had been prepared in her lifetime by Amanda Long (1843-1929), grandmother of George Ernest Long, Jr. Also fortunately, Amanda Long was able to identify her greatgrandparents. With such a basis on which to begin, we can believe that this compilation is authentic, and will prove a most valuable addition to Long family history, and to the history of allied families—Hoffer, Weaver, Emmert, Detwiler,Holsinger, Lutz, Myers, Ramsey, Randle, to name a few. John Long, te progenitor, was a farmer in Manheim Township, Lancaster County, apparently to the end of his life, and this study traces succeeding generations from John's son Joseph to the immediate present. It is interesting to learn that Joseph left some family records which were found on the flyleaves of an old copy of Martyr's Mirror, giving important early 19th century data on the family. Book Reviews 187 Joseph and his wife didn't stay in Lancaster County, but moved first to Washington County, Maryland, then finally to Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania. In fact, after the second generation of this particular Long family, few could call Lancaster County their home. Many settled in Huntingdon, Bedford and Mifflin Counties, while others dispersed to the Mid West. As we follow the various Longs, even to distant point, it is clear that in most cases they adhered pretty faithfully to the tenets of the Church of the Brethren. Early in the book, reference is made to the United Brethren in Christ, a denomination which traditionally had its genesis in a barn on one of the Manheim Township farms of John Long, tenanted in 1764 by a son Isaac; according to United Brethren history, the homes of Isaac Long and his nephew Joseph were in succeeding years preaching stations of early ministers of the sect. On Whitsunday 1868, when a great religious meeting was held in the Isaac Long barn, a Mennonite preacher, Martin Boehm, preached with such fervor that "a Reformed preacher, William Otterbein, threw his arms around Boehm and exclaimed, "Wir sine Briider (We are brothers)." Dr. P. B. Gibble, historian of the United Brethren, has written that this symbolic gesture characterized the genesis of the united brotherhood which eventually became "The Church of the United Brethren in Christ." Three miles away from the Long barn is a church known today as Long's Memorial United Methodist Church, and in the vestibule of the sanctuary is a stained glass window on which is depicted the famous barn. This led the authors of the title under review to note, p. 8, that "this must be one of the few instances where one Christian faith honored the founding of another faith." To set the record straight, this reviewer must point out that Long's Memorial congregation in Neffsville was United Brethren from the time of its beginning in 1886 to 1968, when the entire denomination became part of the Methodist Church, at which time the enlarged church body took the name, The United Methodist Church GEORGE L. Hesoes "Heads of Families" Index, 1850 Federal Census, City of Philadelphia. By Maryly Barton Penrose. (Franklin Park, N.J.: Liberty Bell Associates, 1974. iv, 371 p. Map. $37.00.) Genealogists are especially interested in the 1850 federal census, since for the Brit time it enumerated the entire family, giving age, birthplace and occupation. Many projects are afoot to index these censuses by municipality, county and state, which will make available much valuable information. Just as we welcome all indexes to source material, we greet with special pleasure this one, first compiled in 1964, and now revised and reprinted. Mrs. Penrose gives a helpful introduction, referring to available microfilms and method of obtaining photocopies, and explaining her system of indexing, which is by surname, with first names arranged thereunder in order of appearance in the census volumes rather than alphabetically. A map shows the 17 wards enumerated, and the population of each is tabulated. Readers are reminded that this enumeration deals with the central part of the city as constituted by the charter of 1789 - and before the consolidation of 1854, when the remaining areas of Philadelphia County were incorporated in the city; an index to the larger area of what is now Philadelhpia is being undertaken by the Society. Mrs. Penrose has performed a notable service in facilitating research in the Philadelphia of 1850.