David Bradford of Pennsylvania and Louisiana, A Leader of the Whiskey Rebellion

DAVID BRADFORD OF PENNSYLVANIA AND LOUISIANA A LEADER OF THE WHISKEY REBELLION Part II: Career and Family (CONTINUED FROM 49:85) by Gale Ion Harris, PhD, FASG* 3. DAVID2 BRADFORD (James1), “youngest son,” was born about 1755, 118 probably in Cecil County, Maryland. As shown below, he died at his home in Big Bayou Sara, Louisiana, on or about 4 January 1808. The death “in Orleans” of David Bradford, Esq., Attorney at Law, was included among death notices published in the Columbian Centinel in Boston, Massachusetts, on 17 February 1808, 119 probably as picked up from a presently unidentified New Orleans newspaper. David married about 1785 (birth of first child estimated as in 1786) ELIZABETH PORTER,120 who was born in the 1760s (age 60-69 in 1830)121 and died at Big Bayou Sara on 9 September 1831. 122 The author is coeditor of The Genealogist. His address is 1312 Basswood Circle, East Lansing, MI 48823. 118 Based on age 53 at his death in 1808, reportedly stated in an “early February 1808 New Orleans newspaper,” mentioned online at http://www.esapi.net/Pages/MyrtlesPlantation.htm. I have not found the New Orleans news item, but the report of it is consistent with a document transcribed below and David’s likely place in his father’s family. 119 Columbian Centinel [Boston], 17 February 1808, p. 2, and subsequently reprinted in several New England newspapers. 120 Her given name appears in several contemporary records cited elsewhere in this article. Her surname, Porter, appears on the burial record in Cincinnati, Ohio, of her daughter Eliza (Bradford) Challen, no. 3 vi in this article. David is said to have been engaged to marry in August 1783 18-year-old Drusilla Van Swearingen, daughter of Capt. Andrew Van Swearingen, lately the commander of Holliday’s Cove Fort, but she changed her mind and married instead his rival suitor, Capt. Samuel Brady (Allan W. Eckert, That Dark and Bloody River: Chronicles of the Ohio River Valley [New York: Bantam Books, 1995], 257-58, 433-35, with non-specific citations to the Brady and Wetzel papers in the Draper Manuscripts). 121 Elizabeth Bradford household, 1830 U.S. Census, West Feliciana Parish, Louisiana, page 238 (NARA M19, roll 43). 122 Notes and Queries (note 3), 128. Some undocumented (and unconfirmed) online accounts give her parents as Charles and Leah (Ewing) Porter of Fayette County, Pennsylvania. The will of Charles Porter of Luzerne Township, Fayette County, executed * Pennsylvania 176 Genealogical Magazine Vol. 49 (2014) 2014 David Bradford of Pennsylvania and Louisiana 177 As various erroneous dates have been reported for David Bradford’s death,123 it is useful to present the following transcription of a contemporary document. [On 24 October 1808] Personally appeared before me, [Saml?] Llewellyn Aleaid, James Flower and after being duly sworn on the Holy Evangelist of the Almighty God, Deposeth and saith as follows, to wit: That he was called on the 4th of January last 1808 to attend the late lodging of David Bradford by the particular request of said Bradford’s family there, to be a witness to the [last] Will and Testament of said David Bradford, and was a witness to the said Instrument of writing [as it] was presented to the said David Bradford at [that] time. Question: Did David Bradford sign that Instrument of writing called his last Will and Testament? Answer: He the said David Bradford did not sign that Instrument of writing himself, as [the] pen was given to him, but he could not sign [it]; he was very weak and far [exerted?] and had not the power of writing his own name. Question: Was that Instrument of writing read to the said David Bradford in your presence? Answer: The said Instrument of Writing called his last Will and Testament was signed and sealed in my presence without being read to said David Bradford. Question: Did he the said David Bradford acknowledge the said Instrument of writing to be his last Will and Testament and that signing to be his act and Deed in the presence of the subscribing witnesses? Answer: He the said David Bradford did not acknowledge that Instrument to be his last Will and Testament, nor that signature to be his act and Deed. The question was never asked him as [he] had every sym[p]tom of Death on him and died in a short time after. Further the Deponent saith not. Sworn and subscribed before me this 24th October in the year one thousand eight hundred & eight in presence of the subscribing Witnesses. Wit: Compton Llewellyn, Wm Kirkland. Signed: James Flower, [Saml?] Llewellyn Aleaid.124 in 1803 and proved on 10 April 1811, names his wife Barbara [apparently not the mother of his children], sons Charles and John Porter, and his six daughters Ann, Mary, Jane, Elizabeth, Leah, and Rachel, but the daughters’ surnames are not stated (Fayette County, Pennsylvania, Wills, 1:398-400 (transcribed), FHL #861,065). No Porter-Bradford deeds are found in Fayette County. 123 The year 1816 for his death is most often mentioned, based apparently on records dealing with the division of his estate among his heirs. A biography states that David was born in Pennsylvania in 1755, died in 1809, and was buried in West Feliciana Parish, Louisiana (Louisiana Historical Association, “Dictionary of Louisiana Biography,” online at http://www.lahistory.org/site19.php). 178 Pennsylvania Genealogical Magazine Vol. 49 Apparently, Bradford’s will itself has not survived. David Bradford came from Cecil County, Maryland, in 1781 to join his brothers-in-law John McDowell and James Allison.125 The following sketch is included in papers relating to the Whiskey Insurrection: [A] native of Maryland, [David Bradford] was a prominent lawyer of Washington County, extensively known and wielded an immense influence. He was admitted to the bar in 1782, and the year after was appointed District Attorney General. He was one of the commissioners for the laying out the sale of lots at Fort McIntosh, now Beaver, in 1792–3, and from his correspondence seems to have been a person of great influence with the State authorities. At the time of the adoption of the Constitution he was a zealous Federalist. When the Convention of the four western counties met at Pittsburgh, September 7, 1791, Mr. Bradford was one of the three representatives from Washington County. He was one of the Committee calling the people to rendezvous at Braddock’s Field, August 1, 1794. There, so great was his popularity and eloquence, he was unanimously elected the Major General to command the forces. When Government issued the amnesty proclamation, all the citizens were included except Bradford. No pardon was to be extended to him. He fled to Bayou Sarah, in Louisiana Territory, then in possession of Spain, and died there. While a resident of Washington [County] he was courted for his genial manners and warmhearted disposition. He erected the first stone house at the county town, which is yet standing.126 Bradford was on the roll of attorneys in Washington County in April 1782, and on 22 July 1788 he was an attorney of Strabane Township with one slave.127 In 1790, the household in Washington County of David Bradford, Esqr, consisted of three males 16 or over, one male under 16, Deposition of James Flower, 24 October 1808, copy courtesy of West Feliciana Historical Society, St. Francisville, Louisiana, with explanation that the copy was made by Mr. John Flippen from the West Feliciana Parish Court House archives. Some words in brackets have been added as interpreted by the present writer from partially illegible copy. 125 McFarland, City of Washington and Washington County (note 37), 114, 602. 126 “Papers Relating to what is Known as the Whiskey Insurrection in Western Pennsylvania, 1794,” Pennsylvania Archives, ser. 2, 4 (Harrisburg, 1876): 111. This sketch explains why David Bradford sometimes has been referred to as “General” Bradford. 127 Crumrine, Washington County (note 11), 250, 259. 124 2014 David Bradford of Pennsylvania and Louisiana 179 four white females, and two slaves.128 In October 1792, David Bradford from Washington County was a member of the Pennsylvania Assembly.129 In the summer of 1794, Bradford made a trip to New Orleans, where on 3 July he visited Lewis Wetzel (from Wheeling on the upper Ohio), who was incarcerated in prison, promised to do what he could do to get him released,130 and returned within the month to Pennsylvania. By that time, Bradford had reached a leadership position in the rebellion against the federal government’s imposition of excise taxes on whiskey, the principal economic product of western Pennsylvania. The nature of his activity and the reasons for the alarm it raised for the new U.S. government are illustrated in an open letter “from David Bradford, of Washington, in Pennsylvania, to the Inhabitants of Monongalia, August 6, 1794”: Gentlemen, I presume you have heard of the spirited opposition given to the excise law in this state—matters have been so brought to pass here, that all are under the necessity of bringing their minds to a final conclusion. This has been the question amongst us some days: ‘shall we disapprove of the conduct of those engaged against Nevill, the excise officer, or approve—or, in other words, shall we suffer them to fall a sacrifice to a Federal Prosecution, or shall we support them?’ On the result of this business we have fully deliberated, and have determined, with head, heart, hand, and voice, that we will support the opposition to the excise law—The crisis is now come: Submission or opposition—We are determined in the opposition—We are determined in future to act agreeably to system; to form arrangements, guided by reason, prudence, fortitude and spirited conduct—We have proposed a general meeting of the four counties of Pennsylvania, and have invited our brethren in the neighbouring counties in Virginia to come forward and join us in council and deliberation, on this important crisis, and conclude upon measures interesting to the western counties of Pennsylvania and Virginia. A notification of this kind may be seen in the Pittsburgh paper— Parkinson’s Ferry is the place proposed as most central, and the 14th of August the time. We solicit you by all the ties that an union of interests can suggest, to come forward, to join with us in our deliberations—the cause is common to us all—we invite you to come, even should you differ with us in opinion—we with you to hear our reasons influencing our conduct. Yours with esteem, David Bradford Esqr household, 1790 U.S. Census, Washington County, Pennsylvania, p. 149 (NARA M637, roll 9). 129 “Members of the Assembly,” The Gazette of the United States [Philadelphia], 20 October 1792, p. 163. 130 Eckert, Dark and Bloody River (note 120), 604-6. 128 180 Pennsylvania Genealogical Magazine Vol. 49 DAVID BRADFORD131 Bradford’s involvement is discussed in Thomas P. Slaughter’s comprehensive account of the Whiskey Rebellion in the 1790s. “Bradford,” Slaughter summarizes, “was an extremely successful lawyer and lived in the finest house in the town of Washington. Many of his fellow lawyers in the region considered him mentally unstable, however, and lacking in judgment.”132 After his flight from the region in October 1794, Bradford resettled in Louisiana Territory,133 where on 6 September 1796 he received from the Baron de Carondelet, Governor General, a patent for a large tract of land at Bayou Sara.134 About the same time, true to his promise two years before to his friend Lewis Wetzel in New Orleans, Bradford’s meetings with the Spanish governor and the funds he had collected from relatives and friends on the upper Ohio resulted in Wetzel’s release from prison that December.135 While his wife and family remained in Pennsylvania,136 Bradford built a house at Bayou Sara he called Laurel Grove—renamed Myrtles Plantation in the mid-nineteenth century—which in recent decades has acquired notoriety, apparently based on a mixture of fact and fiction, as “one of America’s most haunted houses.”137 In October 1798, David Bradford’s house in Washington, Pennsylvania—then occupied by Isaiah Blair, a physician—was described 131 2. The Philadelphia Gazette and Universal Daily Advertiser, 10 September 1794, p. 132 Slaughter, Whiskey Rebellion (note 1); Forrest, Washington County (note 2), 1:990-94. 133 Slaughter, Whiskey Rebellion (note 1), 267, citing Crumrine, Washington County (note 11), 483, and The Courts of Justice Bench and Bar of Washington County, 263n2. 134 Recited in a deed by David Bradford dated 6 April 1804, Bradford Family Papers, Mss. 735, Louisiana and Lower Mississippi Valley Collections, LSU Libraries, Baton Rouge, Louisiana. 135 Eckert, Dark and Bloody River (note 120), 631-32. 136 Elizabeth was in Washington County in July 1796 when she signed with her husband’s attorneys a deed to Henry Fraze for 58½ acres on Pigeon Creek, which had been conveyed by John Riddle to David Bradford in May 1793 (Washington County, Pennsylvania, Deeds, 1P:169). She may have been with her husband in Louisiana a year later, however, as the burial record of her daughter Eliza states that she was born at St. Francisville, Louisiana, on 27 July 1797 (see no. 3 vi). 137 For a history, see Troy Taylor and David Wiseheart, “History of Myrtles Plantation,” online at http://www.prairieghosts.com/myrtles.html. 2014 David Bradford of Pennsylvania and Louisiana 181 as made of stone, 32' by 31', with a separate log kitchen 18' by 16', a pump shed, a log stable 18' by 18', and an office 16' by 16'.138 After finally receiving a pardon from President John Adams on 9 March 1799 for his involvement in the Whiskey Rebellion, 139 David returned on a visit to Pennsylvania in July 1800. While enroute, he wrote from Wilmington. Delaware, to his friend David Redick explaining that he had delayed some weeks in N. Orleans in order to come around in the ship Mars armed with 18 guns—calculating on greater security in such a vesel than to risque in a small manned one. . . . We had a very pleasant voyage, tho’ not a very speedy one. The Mars stoped at New Castle—there we heard that the health laws of Penna. prohibited us going to Philad. under a Quarantine of 30 days. I landed & staid a few days at New Castle from thence I came to this place where I mean to remain the residue of my 30 days. I have a letter for yr. Lady & some for the young ladies but hope shortly to have the pleasure of delivering them myself. Mrs. Bradford has charged me with Compliments glowing with friendship & affectechon for you, Mrs. R., & the younger branches of yr. family.140 In Louisiana on 28 April 1802, David Bradford and his sons Abelard, Edmund, and David each received patents from the Spanish government for land on Black Creek in the Parish of East Baton Rouge. 141 On 14 May 1803, David and Elizabeth conveyed lots 16 and 17 in the Town of Washington, Pennsylvania, to Archibald Kerr for $2,280. They “Pennsylvania, U.S. Direct Tax Lists, 1798,” images online at Ancestry.com, #307/872. 139 See transcription appended to this article. 140 David Bradford to David Redick, Esqr., Prothonotary of Washington County, Pennsylvania, postmarked Wilmington, Delaware, 25 July 1800 (David Bradford Letters, 1798–1805, Louisiana State University, Hill Memorial Library, Special Collections, LLMVC– H:16 [typed from originals provided by Earle R. Forrest, Washington, Pennsylvania, 17 February 1948]). David Redick (born near Harrisburg about 1745, died Washington, Pennsylvania, 28 September 1805), studied law at Carlisle, became vice-president of the Supreme Executive Council of Pennsylvania in 1788, a delegate to the Constitutional Convention of 1790, and was appointed prothonotary of Washington County in 1791. He had taken a prominent part on the Government’s side in the Whiskey Rebellion and was one of the commissioners who visited President Washington when he was at Carlisle with the army. (Bausman, History of Beaver County [note 43], 338-39.) 141 Date mentioned in West Feliciana Parish Notarial Record, A:629; see also affidavit of son David Bradford, 13 April 1835, Bradford Family Papers (note 134); image of land map online at http://louisdl.louislibraries.org/cdm4, accessed November 2015. 138 182 Pennsylvania Genealogical Magazine Vol. 49 acknowledged the deed in New Feliciana, Louisiana, on 16 May 1803. 142 On 7 April 1804, David Bradford of New Feliciana conveyed to Samuel Howes, a physician, a parcel of 450 acres, it being a part of the land at Bayou Sara he had received from the Governor General in September 1796.143 From his new home at Bayou Sara, Bradford corresponded often with his friend David Redick, Esq., of Washington, Pennsylvania. Copies of 25 of these letters, dated from November 1798 to 1805 (when Redick died), show Redick to have been faithfully handling Bradford’s unfinished affairs in Pennsylvania. The letters, mainly about Bradford’s business affairs, occasionally refer to his family and politics of the time.144 Over a two-day period, 2-3 December 1816, a sale of the real and personal estate of David Bradford, deceased, was held at the “residence of Mrs. Elizabeth Bradford at the late Domicil of the deceased near St. Francisville . . . for the purpose of effecting a partition of said estate amongst the heirs thereof.” The first day was devoted to the sale of land and slaves. Three tracts were sold: first, the tract of 600 arpents with buildings, etc., called Laurel Grove where the “deceased David Bradford resided” was sold to Mrs. Bradford for $8,150; second, a tract of 450 arpents with buildings and improvements called Abbeville was sold to Sophia Bradford, Edmund Bradford, David Bradford, and Ambrose D. Smith as special curator of Abelard Bradford an absent heir, for $5,655; and third, a parcel of 1000 arpents on Black Creek was sold to James M. Bradford for $3,001. The latter parcel was bounded by lands of Abelard Bradford, David Bradford Jr., and E[dmund] Bradford, thus identifying it as the land received by patent from the Spanish government in April 1802. On the second day, 36 black and mulatto slaves were distributed, 14 of these being purchased by Mrs. Bradford and rest by James M. Bradford as curator of minors Octavia Bradford, Eliza Bradford, and Matilda Bradford, Jane Speer with consent of her husband Henry Q. Speer, Ambrose D. Smith as curator of the absent Abelard Bradford, David Bradford, Edmund Bradford, Sophia Bradford, Henry Sterling, and Hudson Tabor as “under Tutor of James Bradford a minor with consent of Elizabeth Bradford as natural guardian and Tutrix of said minor.” Personal items such as 155 volumes of books, a walnut desk, a gold 142 Washington County, Pennsylvania, Deeds, 1S:152; Forrest, Washington County (note 2), 1:991, 994. 143 Indenture, 2 April 1804, Bradford Family Papers (note 134). 144 David Bradford Letters (note 140). 2014 David Bradford of Pennsylvania and Louisiana 183 watch, and a sword, were distributed, with the livestock and harvested crops such as cotton, corn, etc., going to Mrs. Bradford. 145 On 28 April 1819, to close his purchase of 431 acres above the mouth of Straight Creek on the north bank of the Ohio River in Brown County, Ohio, William Waters of Brown County appeared before a judge in Feliciana Parish to sign an indenture with Mrs. Elizabeth Bradford. The children and heirs of David Bradford, deceased, relinquished their rights.146 Two days later, on 30 April, Waters conveyed the property “(excepting that part conveyed to him by Clark Woodrooff and Matilda his wife) to children and son-in-law, heirs of David Bradford,” naming them as James M. Bradford and Sophia Bradford, Eliza Bradford, Octavia Bradford, Edmund Bradford, David Bradford, and James Bradford, “all of the Parish of Feliciana.”147 A few years later, litigation regarding Bradford’s land in Brooke County, Virginia (now West Virginia), also named heirs. In an action by the heirs of John Henderson against the heirs of David Bradford in September 1824, the Brooke County court found that Bradford had in his lifetime contracted to convey to Henderson a 195-acre tract in that county and accordingly ordered the Bradford heirs to convey the property “by good and sufficient” deeds to the Henderson heirs. The “heirs of David Bradford deceased” were named in the court order as Abelard Bradford, Henry G. Speer and Jane his wife, Alexander Bradford [sic], James M. Bradford and Sophia his wife, Edward [sic] Bradford, David Bradford, Elisa Bradford, Octavia Bradford, James Bradford, and Clark Woodruff and Matilda his wife.148 Elizabeth Bradford’s household at Big Bayou Sara in 1820 included a female age 45 or over [Elizabeth], two males 18-25, two females 16-25, two females 10-15, and 24 slaves.149 In 1830, it consisted of a female West Feliciana Parish Probate Sales Book, D1:88-97. Brown County, Ohio, Deeds, B2:69-70. 147 Brown County, Ohio, Deeds, C3:108-9; Gale Ion Harris, “Josephus Burton Waters of Maryland, Ohio, and Kentucky: A Pioneer Surveyor,” The Genealogist 26 (2012):272-93, at 286. 148 Brooke County, West Virginia, Order Books, 9:316-17. No other document found includes Alexander Bradford as an heir of David Bradford. The name is probably a clerical error for Alexander Crawford, curator of Octavia Bradford. 149 Eliza Bradford household, 1820 U.S. Census, Big Bayou Sara, Feliciana Parish, Louisiana, p. 45 (NARA, M33, roll 31). 145 146 184 Pennsylvania Genealogical Magazine Vol. 49 60-69 [Elizabeth], a male 20-29, a female 15-19, a female 10-14, and six slaves.150 On 22 December 1831, a probate auction was held “at the Residence of Mrs. Elizabeth Bradford, dec[ease]d.” The long list of personal items sold included in addition to the usual household things an 18-volume encyclopedia, a dictionary, Rousseau’s Confessions, Pope’s Works, and other books; the receipts totaling $452.97. A year later, on 24 December 1832, another sale of her personal estate was held at the residence of her daughter Mrs. Octavia U. Smith “one mile from St. Francisville.” This sale included “one old woman named Nancy,” a clock, and a pianoforte.151 Children of David 2 and Elizabeth (Porter) Bradford, as named above:152 i. ABELARD3 BRADFORD, born say 1786 (age 26-44 in 1820), died West Feliciana Parish, Louisiana, between September 1824, when he was named as one of his father’s heirs,153 and 26 February 1825, when two slaves, a boy Jeff and a man Laurance, were sold at the courthouse in St. Francisville from “the succession of Abelard Bradford, dec[ease]d.”154 Several days later, on 7 March, a woman named Dorcas and her infant child Ann Eliza were sold at St. Francisville from his estate.155 Abelard was one of the three sons of David Bradford who were granted land on Black Creek by the Spanish government in 1802. In the summer and fall of 1805, David Bradford mentioned several times in letters from Bayou Sara to his friend David Redick that his son Abelard would be traveling to see him in Pennsylvania. After Abelard set out on the trip in early 150 Elizabeth Bradford household, 1830 U.S. Census, West Feliciana Parish, Louisiana, p. 238 (NARA M19, roll 43). 151 West Feliciana Parish, Louisiana, Probate Sales Book, B:184-86, 251. 152 A letter dated 26 February 1810 from John Wishart of Washington, D.C., to John McLure in Wheeling, Virginia [now West Virginia] informs McLure: “I called on Father Wilson & Mrs. Cunningham who agree as to the number of D. Bradford’s children, he had four and only four before he left this country, viz., Abelard, Jane, Sophia & David. David was born during his absence down the River” (Archibald Woods Papers. Manuscripts and Rare Books Department, Swem Library, College of William and Mary, Mss. 65 W87, folder 609), Despite the emphatic tone of Wishart’s statement, I include the son Edmund below as a fifth child born in Pennsylvania by 1796. A birth date for him about 1793 fits best in the sequence of children, he is mentioned next before his brother David in at least two other contemporary lists, and he was old enough to purchase land in 1818. 153 Brooke County, Virginia (now West Virginia) Order Books, 9:316-17. Notes and Queries (note 3), 128, shows his death date as 1826. 154 West Feliciana Parish, Louisiana, Probate Sales Book, A:38. 155 West Feliciana Parish, Louisiana, Probate Sales Book, A:42. 2014 David Bradford of Pennsylvania and Louisiana 185 September, his father wrote that he “will delay some time in Kentucky, & in the Scioto Country [southern Ohio]; I hope he will arrive safe—he is a young traveler to undertake so long a journey….”156 He was absent and represented by Ambrose D. Smith at the sale of his father’s estate in December 1816 but had returned by 1820 (age 26-44) and apparently single, he was enumerated with four slaves in Feliciana Parish.157 The sale of his land at a sheriff’s sale in 1823 is mentioned in notarial records.158 ii. JANE BRADFORD, born say 1788 (assuming age 20 at marriage), was living in West Feliciana Parish on 5 June 1825, when she purchased 10 acres in that Parish from her brother Edmund Bradford.159 She died there before 12 March 1827, when James M. Bradford bought personal items at sale from the estate of Jane Speer, deceased.160 She married Baton Rouge, Louisiana, 21 September 1808 HENRY Q. SPEER,161 who died in 1825.162 They were in Jackson, Louisiana, in 1820.163 Children of Henry Q. and Jane3 (Bradford) Speer:164 1. Emily Speer. 2. Harriet B. Speer, born Louisiana about 1815, died St. Francisville, Louisiana, 1868, living with her sister Charlotte Kelly in 1850 and 1860, single. 3. Louisa Speer; m. Thaddeus —. 4. Jane Speer, died 1837. 5. Charlotte E. Speer, born Louisiana about 1818, living St. Francisville, Louisiana, 1860; married West Feliciana Parish 2 February 1837 James A. Kelly,165 born Tennessee about 1811, died in 1850s. They were in 156 Bradford to Redick, 18, 24 July 1805; 20 August 1805; 3, 29 November 1805 (David Bradford Letters [note 140]). 157 Abalard Bradford household, 1820 U.S. Census, Red Wood Creek, Feliciana Parish, Louisiana, p. 41 (NARA M33, roll 31). 158 West Feliciana Parish Notarial Record, B:618. 159 West Feliciana Parish Notarial Record, AA:171. 160 West Feliciana Parish, Louisiana, Probate Sales Book, A:133. Notes and Queries (note 3), 128, states that Jane died in 1826. 161 “Louisiana Marriages, 1816–1906,” FHL microfilm 976.3 K29C V.3; online at FamilySearch.org. N.B. Although this number appears on the FamilySearch page for this record, it is not a microfilm number. 162 Notes and Queries (note 3), 128. 163 Henry Q. Speares household, 1820 U.S. Census, Jackson, Feliciana Parish, Louisiana, p. 60 (NARA M33, roll 31). 164 Notes and Queries (note 3), 128. 165 Louisiana Marriages to 1850, online at Ancestry.com. 186 Pennsylvania Genealogical Magazine Vol. 49 Bayou Sara in 1850, where he was a hotel keeper.166 Charlotte was head of household in St. Francisville in 1860.167 iii. SOPHIA BRADFORD, born 1 April 1791,168 died 1 September 1827;169 married West Feliciana Parish, Louisiana, 1 May 1818 JAMES MORGAN BRADFORD170 (no known relationship), son of John and Elizabeth (James) Bradford of Lexington, Kentucky, born Virginia 23 September 1779, died St. Francisville, Louisiana, 12 September 1837 of stab wounds received in a quarrel with John McDermott.171 James had studied law and was admitted to the bar in Kentucky before going to New Orleans shortly after 1803,172 where he was a private in Capt. Jedediah Smith’s Feliciana Troop of Horse 28 September 1814 to 24 March 1815.173 He established in St. Francisville “the first newspaper to be published in that section of Louisiana known as the Florida Parishes,” and was in 1831 an incorporator of the West Feliciana Railroad Company.174 “Many years” before 1824, he became curador ad lona [court appointed guardian] of his young sisters-in-law Eliza and Octavia Bradford.175 James M. Bradford’s home in Jackson, Louisiana, in 1820 included seven persons.176 Children of Bradford:177 James Morgan and Sophia3 (Bradford) 1. Matilda Bradford, born 6 February 1819, died 22 August 1851; married February 1842 James Huling, born 166 J. A. Kelly household, 1850 U.S. Census, Town of Bayou Sara, West Feliciana Parish, Louisiana, p. 257B (NARA M432, roll 231). 167 C. Kelly household, 1860 U.S. Census, West Feliciana Parish, P.O. St. Francisville, Louisiana, p. 11 (NARA 653, roll 411). 168 Notes and Queries (note 3), 128. 169 Hiden, “Bradford Family” (note 4), 1:196, giving birth date as “March 1791.” 170 “Louisiana Marriages to 1850,” online at Ancestry.com. They signed a marriage contract the same day (West Feliciana Parish Notarial Record, A:197). 171 Louisiana Historical Association, “Dictionary of Louisiana Biography,” online at www.lahist.org/site16.php, giving a more detailed account of this man’s interesting career. 172 Biographical and Historical Memoirs of Louisiana , 2 vols. (Chicago: Goodspeed Publishing Co., 1892), 1:315-16. 173 Powell A. Casey, Louisiana in the War of 1812 (Baton Rouge: By the author, 1963), lxxiii-lxxiv. 174 Hiden, “Bradford Family” (note 4), 1:196. 175 Account of Curatorship, 6 May 1824, Court of Probate, West Feliciana Parish, Bradford Family Papers (note 134). 176 James M. Bradford household, 1820 U.S. Census, Jackson, Feliciana Parish, Louisiana, p. 60 (NARA M33, roll 31). 177 Notes and Queries (note 3), 128-29; Hiden, “Bradford Family” (note 4), 1:196. 2014 David Bradford of Pennsylvania and Louisiana 187 Tennessee about 1818. They were in New Orleans in 1850, where he was a customs house inspector.178 2. Sophia Elizabeth Bradford, born 1 November 1820, died 27 June 1887; married Commerce, Mississippi, 4 March 1841 Hon. James Brewer, born Harper’s Ferry, Virginia, about 1815, died New Orleans 20 August 1883 in his 69th year, son of Dr. William Brewer of Montgomery County, Maryland.179 They went to New Orleans about 1846, where James was a member of the legislature in 1847, sheriff in 1852, and assistant treasurer of the United States.180 He was a lawyer in New Orleans in 1880.181 3. Ellen Cornelia Bradford, born 31 January 1823, died 1833. iv. EDMUND BRADFORD, born say 1793 (of age to purchase land in 1818), was living in West Feliciana Parish on 5 June 1825, when for $200 he conveyed 10 acres in that Parish to his sister Jane Speer.182 He died there before 9 April 1827, when the first of four probate sales were held for the estate of Edmund Bradford, deceased.183 Edmund was one of the three sons of David Bradford granted land on Black Creek in April 1802 by the Spanish government. On 15 October 1818, Edmund purchased the grant received by his brother David.184 On 29 January 1830, 82 Arpents [69 acres] situated one mile from St. Francisville belonging to the succession of Edmund Bradford, deceased, was purchased by [his brother] James Bradford, with [brother-in-law] James M. Bradford giving security.185 v. DAVID BRADFORD, born Pennsylvania 2 February 1796 “during [his father’s] absence down the River,”186 was assassinated 13 March 1844 while on the road from Washington, Mississippi, to his plantation. On 15 March 1844, in a letter to his future wife, Varina, Jefferson Davis wrote that he had “just returned from the performance of a most painful and melancholy duty. My brotherin-law was assassinated day before yesterday. I went out to his late residence yesterday and returned today bringing with me [to 178 James Huling household, 1850 U.S. Census, Ward 2, New Orleans, Orleans Parish, Louisiana, p. 57B (NARA M432, roll 237). 179 Hiden, “Bradford Family” (note 4), 1:196. 180 Memoirs of Louisiana (note 172), 1:316. 181 James Brewer household, 1880 U.S. Census, New Orleans, Orleans Parish, Louisiana, E.D. 80, p. 29 (FHL film 1254463). 182 West Feliciana Parish Notarial Record, AA:171. 183 West Feliciana Parish, Louisiana, Probate Sales Book, A:42. 184 West Feliciana Parish Notarial Record, A:629. 185 Certified copy of sale proceeding, West Feliciana Parish, Bradford Family Papers (note 134). 186 Letter, 26 February 1810, John Wishart to John McLure (note 152). 188 Pennsylvania Genealogical Magazine Vol. 49 Hurricane Plantation] my sister and her children.”187 David was buried in Brierfield Plantation Cemetery, Le Tourneau, Warren County, Mississippi.188 He married Wilkinson County, Mississippi, 4 November 1820 AMANDA JANE DAVIS,189 born Warren County, Kentucky, 14 November 1801, died 22 October 1881, daughter of Samuel and Jane (Cook) Davis and sister of Jefferson Davis, president of the Confederate States of America.190 A letter from David Bradford to Lt. Jefferson Davis, dated 18 April 1834, was addressed: “Dear Brother.”191 David was one of the three sons of David Bradford who were granted land on Black Creek in April 1802 by the Spanish government. He served as a private in Capt. Jedediah Smith’s Feliciana Troop of Horse 28 September 1814 to 24 March 1815.192 On 15 October 1818, for $5,000, he sold to his brother Edmund the grant of 500 Arpents on Black Creek received from the Spanish government.193 In September 1819, he was one of four “gentlemen” who were to appear as candidates for the Legislature at the approaching election to fill the vacancy occasioned by the resignation of Wm. C. Wade, Esq.194 David Bradford was among those who had letters waiting for them at the St. Francisville post office on 31 March 1820.195 His home in West Feliciana Parish in 1830 consisted of a male and a female 30-39, a boy 15-19, a boy 10-14, and three boys and three girls under 5.196 In 1880, widow “A Bradford,” age 79, was listed as motherin-law in the home of E. L. and Anna Miles in Nelson County, Kentucky.197 187 Jefferson Davis to Varina Howell, 15 March 1844, in Hudson Strode, ed., Private Letters, 1823–1889 [Jefferson Davis] (New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, 1966), 20-22. Hurricane Plantation was on Davis Bend, now Davis Island, below Vicksburg, Mississippi. 188 Data online at FindaGrave.com, Memorial no. 26064091. 189 “Mississippi Marriages, 1800–1911,” FHL microfilm 886,050, online at FamilySearch.org. 190 Hudson Strode, Jefferson Davis, 3 vols. (New York: Harcourt, Brace and Company, 1955–64), 1:5-7, 26. 191 Strode, Private Letters (note 187), 10. 192 Casey, Louisiana in the War of 1812 (note 173), lxxiii-lxxiv. 193 West Feliciana Parish Notarial Record, A:629. 194 The Louisianan [St. Francisville, Louisiana], 25 September 1819, p. 2. 195 The Louisianan [St. Francisville, Louisiana], 15 April 1820, p. 4. 196 David Bradford household, 1830 U.S. Census, West Feliciana Parish, Louisiana, p. 236 (NARA M19, roll 43). 197 E. L. Miles household, 1880 U.S. Census, New Hope, Nelson County, Kentucky, E.D. 211, p. 11 (NARA T9, roll 436). 2014 David Bradford of Pennsylvania and Louisiana 189 Children of David 3 and Amanda Jane (Davis) Bradford:198 1. David 4 Bradford, born 25 July 1821, died 15 August 1836, buried Brierfield Plantation Cemetery, Le Tourneau, Warren County, Mississippi.199 2. Benjamin F. Bradford, died West Feliciana, Louisiana, 1884. 3. Mary Bradford, born 15 August 1825, died 23 April 1877, buried Easton Cemetery, Easton, Pennsylvania;200 married first in 1849 Hon. Richard Brodhead, U.S. Senator (1851–1857), born 6 January 1811, died Easton 16 September 1863, also buried Easton Cemetery,201 second Robert Heysham Sayre, born 13 October 1824, died 4 January 1907, buried Nisky Hill Cemetery, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania.202 4. Elizabeth Porter Bradford, born Louisiana in November 1828, died 3 May 1916, buried Cypress Grove Cemetery, New Orleans;203 married 1855 Maunsell White Jr., born 26 January 1830, died 1 March 1896, also buried Cypress Grove, son of Maunsell and Heloise (de la Ronde) White.204 In 1900, Elizabeth was residing with her brother-in-law, Edward Miles and her sister Nannie [Anna] Miles in Nelson County, Kentucky. 5. Anna Matilda Bradford, born Louisiana in July 1828, living Nelson County, Kentucky, 1900, age 71; married about 1848 Edward L. Miles, born Kentucky in August 1825, “distiller manufacturer,” living 1900, son of Henry Miles of Nelson County. In 1900, their household in Nelson County included “sister-in-law” Betty White and “brother-in-law” David Bradford.205 6. Lucinda/Lucy Bradford, born St. Francisville, Louisiana, 11 November 1831, died Vicksburg, Mississippi, 7 February 1912; married Hurricane Plantation, near Vicksburg, 13 December 1850, as his second wife,206 Dr. 198 Notes and Queries (note 3), 128, unless otherwise indicated. Data online at FindaGrave.com, Memorial no. 26064050. Gravestone photo online at FindaGrave.com, Memorial no. 8142206. 201 Data online at FindaGrave.com, Memorial no. 8156542. 202 Gravestone photo online at FindaGrave.com, Memorial no. 55149752. 203 Brass inscription photo online at FindaGrave.com, Memorial no. 75613552. 204 Stanley Clisby Arthur, George Campbell Huchet de Kernion, and Charles Patton Dimitry, Old Families of Louisiana (Baton Rouge: Claitor’s Publishing Division, 1971), 398. 205 Edward L. Miles household, 1900 U.S. Census, New Hope, Nelson County, Kentucky, E.D. 89, sheet 11A (NARA T623, roll 546). 206 Charles Mitchell married (1) Warren County, Mississippi, 5 February 1838 Mary L[ucinda] Davis (“Mississippi Marriages, 1776–1935,” online at Ancestry.com), born 1 May 1816, died 22 June 1846, age 29, buried Brierfield Plantation Cemetery, Le 199 200 190 Pennsylvania Genealogical Magazine Vol. 49 Charles Jouett Mitchell, born Frankfort, Kentucky, 31 May 1818, died Tallulah, Madison Parish, Louisiana, 31 January 1886.207 They were in Madison Parish, Louisiana, in 1860;208 in 1870 they were across the Mississippi River in Vicksburg with Lucy’s widowed mother, A. Bradford, age 70, and uncle Joseph Emory Davis, age 85.209 7. Sarah Bradford, died 1852. 8. Jefferson Davis Bradford, born 1838, died West Feliciana Parish, Louisiana, 31 July 1910, buried Cypress Grove Cemetery, New Orleans;210 married first in Warren County, Mississippi, 21 July 1868 Helen P. Summer,211 second Jackson, Mississippi, Helen Payson Prentiss, born Baltimore, Maryland, 5 February 1836, daughter of Henry Payson and Frances (Allenby) Prentiss.212 9. Amanda Bradford, d.s.p. 10. David Bradford, born Louisiana in Dec. 1849 [sic: probably 1842],213 a widower living with his sister Anna Miles in Nelson County, Kentucky, 1900;214 married Bardstown, Nelson County, 18 December 1883 Addie E. Pottinger,215 daughter of George Pottinger. 11. Amelia Bradford, d.s.p. vi. ELIZA BRADFORD, born St. Francisville, Louisiana, 27 July 1797, died of “old age” at 260 Everett St., Cincinnati, Ohio, 13 February 1882, buried Sec. 37, Lot 28, Spring Grove Tourneau, Warren County (data online at FindaGrave.com, Memorial no. 26064080), daughter of Joseph Emery Davis. 207 Data from National Society, Sons of the American Revolution application of Albert Franklin Ganier (grandson of Charles and Lucinda Mitchell), image online at Ancestry.com. 208 C. J. Mitchell household, 1860 U.S. Census, Madison Parish, Richmond P.O., Louisiana, p. 40 (NARA M463, roll 413). 209 D[r}. C. J. Mitchell household, 1870 U.S. Census, Ward 2, Vicksburg, Warren County, Mississippi, p. 232 (NARA M593, roll 751). 210 Photo of brass inscription online at FindaGrave.com, Memorial no. 77889362. 211 “Mississippi Marriages, 1800–1911,” digital image, online at FamilySearch.org, citing FHL #886,050. 212 Notes and Queries (note 3), 128. 213 This date, 1849, from the 1900 census is suspect, as it makes David born five years after his father’s death in 1844. Notes and Queries (note 3), 128, gives the date as “1842,” consistent with the “D. Bradford,” age 37, listed near his sister Anna Miles in Nelson County, Kentucky, in 1880 (D. Bradford household, U.S. Census, New Hope, Nelson County, Kentucky, E.D. 211, p. 11 [NARA T9, roll 436]). 214 Edward L. Miles household, 1900 U.S. Census, New Hope, Nelson County, Kentucky, E.D. 89, sheet 11A (NARA T623, roll 546). 215 “Kentucky Marriages, 1785–1979,” FHL microfilm 1,929,414, online at FamilySearch.org. 2014 David Bradford of Pennsylvania and Louisiana 191 Cemetery;216 married West Feliciana Parish, Louisiana, 9 May 1827 JAMES CHALLEN,217 son of William and Mary (—) Challen, born Hackensack, New Jersey, 7 January 1802, died of “angina pectoris” 9 December 1878, buried Spring Grove Cemetery,218 a minister and “prominent restoration leader.”219 In St. Francisville 12 May 1827 Eliza Bradford, wife of James Challen, acknowledged that she had received full satisfaction in an obligation of [her brother-in-law] James M. Bradford.220 The Challens were residing in Hamilton County, Ohio, in 1850.221 In 1880, Eliza Challen, mother-in-law, age 80, born Louisiana, was in her daughter Annie Walker’s household in Cincinnati.222 Children of James and Eliza3 (Bradford) Challen: 1. David C. Challen, born Lexington, Kentucky, in January 1830, died Cincinnati Hospital 19 November 1879 of “general exhaustion,” buried Spring Grove Cemetery.223 2. Joseph Johnston Challen, born Lexington, Kentucky, 5 March 1830 [sic: perhaps error for 1831 or 1832], died Harlem Hospital, New York City, 14 February 1895 of gastritis, buried Spring Grove Cemetery.224 3. James R. Challen, born Kentucky in July 1834, died 1905, buried Spring Grove Cemetery;225 married Hamilton County, Ohio, 29 December 1859 Laura A. Cahoon,226 born Ohio in March 1843. They were in Jacksonville, Florida, in 1900.227 216 Spring Grove Cemetery burial cards (Eliza Challen), no. 36500; photocopies in author's possession, naming her parents as David and Elizabeth (Porter) Bradford. The records show that Eliza's husband and all known children were buried in the same lot. 217 “Louisiana Marriages to 1850,” online at Ancestry.com. 218 Spring Grove burial cards, no. 31949 (note 216). 219 Data and biography online at FindaGrave.com, Memorial no. 14440809; Notes and Queries (note 3), 128. 220 Receipt included among the Bradford Family Papers (note 134). 221 James Challen household, 1850 U.S. Census, Millcreek Twp., Hamilton County, Ohio, p. 4 (NARA M432, roll 685). 222 Wm. Walker household, 1880 U.S. Census, Cincinnati, Hamilton County, Ohio, E.D. 185, p. 49. FHL microfilm 1255029. 223 Spring Grove burial cards, no. 33307 (note 216). 224 Spring Grove burial cards, no. 57575 (note 216). 225 Spring Grove burial cards (note 216), card misfiled, but he is buried in same lot with parents. 226 “Ohio County Marriages, 1789–1994,” FHL microfilm 0344480, online at FamilySearch.org. 227 James R. Challen household, 1900 U.S. Census, District 5, Jacksonville, Duval County, Florida, E.D. 45, sheet 10A (NARA T623). 192 Pennsylvania Genealogical Magazine Vol. 49 4. Howard Challen, born Lexington, Kentucky, about 1836, died New York City 10 July 1903 of nephritis, buried Spring Grove Cemetery, Cincinnati.228 5. Annie M. Challen (twin), born Cincinnati, Ohio, 20 June 1841, died 4052 N. Avers Ave., Chicago, Illinois, 27 February 1920, of chronic nephritis, age 78y 8m 6d, buried Spring Grove Cemetery, Cincinnati.229 She married about 1862 William J. Walker, born Scotland in April 1835, died Chicago 29 June 1920 of “old age,” buried Spring Grove Cemetery.230 They were in Cincinnati in 1880, where he was a brewer,231 and in Nashville, Tennessee, in 1900 when he was collector for a brewing company.232 6. Thurston C. Challen (twin), born Cincinnati, Ohio, 20 June 1841, died 24 October 1864 of chronic diarrhea, buried Spring Grove Cemetery.233 vii. SARAH MATILDA BRADFORD, born say 1800 (minor in 1817, age 16-24 in 1820), is said to have died of yellow fever on 21 July 1823,234 although both she and her husband were named with other heirs of David Bradford at a court held in Brooke County, Virginia, in March and September 1824.235 She married West Feliciana Parish, Louisiana, 19 November 1817 CLARK WOODRUFF,236 born Litchfield County, Connecticut, 23 August 1791, died 25 November 1851,237 son of James and Sally (Bartholomew) Woodruff.238 Clark was a corporal in Capt. Jedediah Smith’s Feliciana Troop of Horse 28 September 1814 to 24 March 1815.239 His household in St. Francisville in 1820 included two males 26-44, a female 16-24 [Sarah Matilda], and a girl under 10.240 On 23 May 1825, Clark purchased from his mother-in-law, Mrs. Elizabeth Bradford, the 650-acre West Spring Grove burial cards, no. 69280 (note 216). Spring Grove burial cards, no. 93070 (note 216). 230 Spring Grove burial cards, no. 93565 (note 216). 231 Wm Walker household, 1880 U.S. Census, Cincinnati, Hamilton County, Ohio, E.D. 185, p. 49. FHL microfilm 1255039. 232 William Walker household, 1900 U.S. Census, Ward 15, Nashville, Davidson County, Tennessee, E.D. 104, sheet 5A. FHL microfilm 1241565. 233 Spring Grove burial cards, no. 14057 (note 216). 234 Taylor and Wiseheart, “Myrtles Plantation” (note 137). 235 Brooke County, West Virginia, Order Books, 9:246-47, 316-17. 236 “Louisiana Marriages to 1850,” online at Ancestry.com. 237 “Myrtle’s Plantation,” online at http://www.esapi.net/Pages/MyrtlesPlantation.htm. 238 Barbour Collection, Connecticut Vital Records, citing Litchfield VR, 1:207 (Clark’s birth and parents’ marriage). 239 Casey, Louisiana in the War of 1812 (note 173), lxxiii-lxxiv. 240 Clark Woodruff household, 1820 U.S. Census, St. Francisville, Feliciana Parish, Louisiana, p. 43 (NARA M33, roll 31). 228 229 2014 David Bradford of Pennsylvania and Louisiana 193 Feliciana Parish plantation [Laurel Grove] of her late husband David Bradford, “where she now resides.”241 Children of Clark and Sarah Matilda3 (Bradford) Woodruff: 242 1. Mary Octavia Woodruff, born Louisiana about 1818 (the girl under 10 in 1820 census), died New Orleans 30 November 1889, age 71;243 married by 1839 Lorenzo A. Besançon,244 a newspaper editor and captain of dragoons in the Mexican War, who died on board a steamboat on his way from New Orleans to Baton Rouge on 23 July 1853.245 In 1860, widow Besançon, age 42, born Louisiana, was residing in Jefferson Parish, Louisiana, with four Besançon children ages 12–21.246 2. Cornelia Gale Woodruff. 3. James Woodruff. viii. OCTAVIA U. BRADFORD, born shortly before 9 February 1803,247 died before 8 January 1838 (when two of her children became wards of Mr. H. M. Hyams of Alexandria, Louisiana);248 married first West Feliciana Parish, Louisiana, 28 June 1824 Dr. ISAAC A. SMITH,249 born in 1780s; second West Feliciana Parish 18 February 1834 BALY GORN MARTIN,250 who died 1836.251 Isaac A. Smith’s household in West Feliciana Parish in 1830 consisted of a male aged 40-49, a female 20-29, and a boy and two girls under 5.252 On 24 December 1832, a final sale of property of her mother, Mrs. Elizabeth Bradford, was held at “the residence of Mrs. Octavia Smith about one mile from St. West Feliciana Parish Notarial Record, AA:132-33. Taylor and Wiseheart, “Myrtles Plantation” (note 137). Cornelia and James apparently were born after the 1820 census date. 243 “New Orleans, Louisiana, Death Records Index, 1804–1949,” online at Ancestry.com. 244 Notes and Queries (note 3), 129. 245 “American Biographical Notes,” online at Ancestry.com. 246 Widow Besoncon household, 1860 U.S. Census, Jefferson, Louisiana, p. 135 (NARA M653, roll 412). For daughter Leoline Besançon, born 20 June 1839, see Emma Lee Walton, The Clark Genealogy: Some Descendants of Daniel Clark of Windsor, Connecticut, 1639–1912 (New York: Frank Allabon Genealogical Co., 1913). 247 David Bradford to David Redick, 9 February 1803 (David Bradford Letters [note 140]): “Inform Madam Redick that Mrs. B[radford] has the most charming little girl we ever had. She is named Octavian.” 248 Deposition of H. M. Hyams, undated but probably about 1855, Bradford Family Papers (note 134). 249 “Louisiana Marriages to 1850,” online at Ancestry.com. 250 “Louisiana Marriages to 1850,” online at Ancestry.com. 251 Notes and Queries (note 3), 128. 252 Isaac A. Smith Household, 1830 U.S. Census, West Feliciana Parish, Louisiana, p. 225 (NARA M19, roll 43). 241 242 194 Pennsylvania Genealogical Magazine Vol. 49 Francisville.”253 Mrs. Martin’s estate, administered by Mr. Hinch and consisting of “a house and lot in St. Francisville and a small tract of wild land in the vicinity of that town . . . , was sold by order of court provoked by the administrator and under proceedings of a family meeting.”254 Children of Dr. Isaac A. and Octavia U.3 (Bradford) Smith:255 1. Elizabeth P. Smith, born say 1825, drowned as a minor and unmarried on 1 March 1844 at the collision of the steamers De Soto and Buckeye near Atchafalaya, an “accomplished young lady,” sister of the wife of Mr. H. M. Hyams of Alexandria. On 8 January 1838, Elizabeth and her brother Isaac A. Smith had become wards of Mr. Hyams.256 2. Octavia Smith, born say 1827; apparently m. by 1844 H. M. Hyams of Alexandria, whose wife was a sister of Elizabeth P. Smith above. 3. Isaac A. Smith, born Louisiana about 1828; married Catharine —, born New York about 1831, both living in New Orleans in 1860, where he was a corn merchant.257 In December 1855, Isaac A. Smith deposed in New Orleans that the statement of H. M. Hyams (about his sister Elizabeth) “is correct” and that he has “no pecuniary claims against Mr. H. M. Hyams arising from his tutorship to my deceased sister Elizabeth or myself. I am in my 28th year.”258 4. Charles Smith, born probably soon after the 1830 census date. Son of Baly Gorn and Octavia3 (Bradford) (Smith) Martin:259 5. David B. Martin, born about 1835, died 1875; married Catharine —. West Feliciana Parish, Louisiana, Probate Sales Book, B:251. Deposition of H. M. Hyams, undated but certified as true by Octavia’s son Isaac A. Smith in New Orleans in December 1855, Bradford Family Papers (note 134). 255 Notes and Queries (note 3), 129, except as indicated. 256 Deposition of H. M. Hyams, Bradford Family Papers (note 134); James T. Lloyd, Lloyd’s Steamboat Directory, and Disasters on the Western Waters (Cincinnati: James T. Lloyd & Co. 1856), 242-43, misprinting Hyams as Haynes. 257 Isaac A. Smith household, 1860 U.S. Census, Ward 11, New Orleans, Louisiana, p. 95 (NARA M653, roll 420). 258 Deposition of H. M. Hyams, Bradford Family Papers (note 134). 259 This child is called David B. Smith in Notes and Queries (note 3), 129, but he was mentioned in the contemporary deposition of H. M. Hyams as his ward Isaac A. Smith’s “half brother David Martin.” 253 254 2014 David Bradford of Pennsylvania and Louisiana 195 ix. JAMES BRADFORD, born say 1805 (a minor in 1817), living 1 August 1833, when he executed a mortgage in the Parish of West Feliciana.260 DAVID BRADFORD’S PARDON “To all persons to whom these presents shall come, Greetings. Whereas David Bradford, late of the county of Washington in the State of Pennsylvania, attorney at law, has in his petition declared his contrition, and sincere repentance of all his errors and misdeeds in relation to the late insurrection in the western parts of the State aforesaid, committed or done against the United States of America, and has implored a pardon for the same, and whereas the sufferings of the said David Bradford an exile in a foreign land, and separated from his wife, his children and his former friends, during the space of more than four years, have already been great, and whereas the restoration of peace, order and submission to the laws in the said Western parts of the said State render it necessary to make examples of those who may have been criminal, the principal aim of heinous punishment being the reformation of offenders and the prevention of crimes in others, for these and other good cause, I—John Adams, President of the United States of America, have granted, and by these presents do grant unto the said David Bradford a full, free, absolute and intire pardon for all treasons, suspicions of treasons, felons, misdemeanors and other crimes and offences by him committed or done against the United States, in relation to the Insurrection aforesaid hereby remitting and releasing all pains, and penulties by him incurred by reason of the premises. In Testemony whereof, I have hereto set my hand and caused the Seal of the United States to be affixed this ninth day of March, in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and ninety-nine, and in the Twenty-third year of the Independence of the said United States. John Adams, By the President, Timothy Pickering, Secretary of State.”261 Gale Ion Harris, PhD, FASG, is Coeditor of The Genealogist. His address is 1312 Basswood Circle, East Lansing, MI 48823. 260 Mentioned in certified copy of a sheriff’s deed dated West Feliciana Parish, Louisiana, 2 August 1834, Bradford Family Papers (note 134), citing Book of Sheriff’s Transfers, Al:174. 261 Transcription online at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Bradford_(lawyer)